This study was carried out to establish the system of OPU derived embryo production, management of recipients as well as offspring production. OPU derived embryo production system was carried out of aspiration of immature oocytes 2 times per week, total 24 times for 3 months by an ultrasonographic guided follicular aspiration system and then produced in vitro-produced blastocysts by in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture system. This work was collected total 13,866 oocytes, average 8.2±4.5 oocytes per session and 8,170 G1 + G2 grade oocytes, average 4.8 oocytes per session by 1,692 times session of total 71 donors for 4 years from 2010 to 2013. The rate of cleavage and blastocyst developmental competence were obtained 11,825 (85.3%) and 5,032 (36.3%) that was 7.0±3.8 cleaved embryos and 3.0±2.5 blastocysts per session. OPU derived embryo transfer were taken place in 2, 4, 6 and 7 local governments at 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 for 4 years and pregnancy rate were obtained 41.2, 43.9, 46.5 and 49.7% in each years. It means that pregnancy rate was continuously improved according of every year for 4 years. Pregnancy rate was significantly different according to individual local government in which was 62.7% in B, but 24.2% in F at 2012. Paternity identification was carried out total 26 offspring in C local government of 2012 and then confirmed 100% agreement of its analysis. In conclusion, the results obtained the possibility of mass production of elite cow embryos as well as offspring by OPU derived embryo production system, of which could be decreased the required time of genetic improvement.

The present research was carried out to evaluate the possibility of increasing female offspring production ratios using artificial insemination buffer (AIB) before artificial insemination (AI). In this experiment, we optimized AIB composition, made an AIB gun and analyze factors affecting AI non-return rate after AIB treatment. The AIB was made with the base of Tris-buffer supplemented with L-arginine and several other chemicals that might reduce the motility of male sperm compared to the female counterpart, therefore, increasing the possibility of fertilization by female sperm. AIB must be deposited into to cervix by AIB gun. After 15 min of AIB deposition, frozen semen was deposited into the same place. A total of 348 cattle were inseminated with AIB insemination, and there were no significant differences between AIB and traditional AI non-return rates (56.8% vs. 55.7%). The AI non-return rate in AIB group, however, differed significantly among 7 Hanwoo farms. The parturition numbers ( to ) of cows did not affect AIB AI rate. The proportion of AIB AI success rates was significantly higher in Hanwoo cows than in dairy cows (61.0% vs. 48.7%), but the average AI success rate did not differ significantly between AIB and conventional AI (56.8% vs. 55.7%). The female offspring production rate in to cervix deposition place was significantly higher than that in the uterus body (77.7% vs. 59.6%, p<0.05). The injection volume of AIB in 5 and 10 ml was significantly higher than that in 2 ml (77.7%, 78.7% vs. 51.8%, p<0.05), but there were no differences in AIB injection volume between 5 and 10 ml. The best exposure time of AIB in the cervix was 10 to 15 min rather than 5 min (79.2%, 77.2% vs. 52.6%, p<0.05). AIB therefore needs to have an exposure time of at least over 10 min for a higher production rate of female offspring. In conclusion, AIB could be used in AI industry to increase the female offspring ratio and AIB AI can increase the AI success rate.

This study was focused on improvement of milk production in Mongolian dairy industry by artificial insemination (AI) technology, supported by ODA of KOICA in Republic of Korea. This program was started in January 2009 and it is in years. This manuscript summarized the data especially on estrus synchronization and pregnancy establishment in dairy cows (Holstein) this year. A total of 81 dairy cows from 4 private farms (38 from Undarmal milk and that of 30, 8 and 5 dairy cows from Onjin (Enkhbayer), Jargalant, and BRM School farms respectively) were synchronized with 5 ml Lutalyse (i.m.) in the dump of dairy cows and then estrus was detected 2 to 3 days after injection. The synchronized dairy cows were inseminated with 0.5 ml dairy frozen semen by conventional artificial insemination (AI) techniques. Pregnancy was diagnosed about 60 days after AI by palpation method. About 96.3% (78/81) of synchronized cows were responded to single injection. Total 75 over 78 dairy cows (90.1%) inseminated were diagnosed as pregnant. The estrus induction and pregnancy rates were very effective using Lutalyse injection and conventional AI techniques in Mongolian dairy cow. The present results indicated that AI after estrus induction in Mongolian dairy cows could be applied to dairy breeding technology for improving breeding efficiency and milk production of the country.