과실류의 수확 후 손실률을 정밀하고 과학적으로 산출하기 위하여 종합손실률과 평균손실률 계산 모델을 개발하고, 이를 적용하여 산지유통센터 3개소의 저장 사과의 손실률 산출 및 확대 적용 방안을 제시하였다. 과실류 저장 중 증가하는 중량감소율과 비상품과율을 동시에 표현하기 위하여 종합손실률 계산 모델「종합손실률 = 비 상품과율 + 상품과 내 중량감소율」 을 개발하였다. 사과와 같이 상대적으로 저장을 오래하는 과실류는 시장 수요에 대응하여 출하량을 조절하므로, 저장기간별 출하량 비중을 반영하여 저장 평균손실률 계산 모델「저장 평균손실률 = Σ (저장기간별 종합손실률 × 저장기간별 출하비율」 을 개발하였다. 개선된 손실률 계산 모델을 사과의 저장 평균손실률과 포도의 수확 후 선별 손실률 산출에 적용한 사례를 제시하였다. 산지유통센터 3개소의 ‘후지’ 사과의 6개월 간 저장 평균손실률은 4.7%로 산출하였으며, ‘캠벨얼리’, ‘거봉’, ‘MBA’ 포도의 수확 후 선별 시 발생하는 평균 손실률을 3.4%로 산출하였다. 또한 유통시장 형태별 물량 점유율을 손실률에 적용하여 특정 과실의 유통시장 내 평균손실률 산출 예시를 제시하였다. 시료 수, 조사지역, 품종 둥을 확대하여 개선된 손실률 계산 모델을 적용한다면 수확 후 손실의 정밀한 진단이 가능하며, 수확후관리 기술의 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되며 해외농업기술개발사업 대상인 개발도상국의 수확후관리 매뉴얼개발에 활용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

Background : Medicinal crop has been used in the traditional Asian medicinal methods. From ancient times, various kinds of medicinal crop are being cultivated in East Aisa including Korea, China and Japan. In Korea, they used a variety of medicinal plants in folk medicine and oriental medicine since ancient times. Molecular markers can be widely used in a variety of settings such as effective-loci estimation, genetic-diversity characterization, allelic-effect studies, gene-flow studies, quantitative-trait locus (QTL) mapping, and evolutionary studies. The genetic analyses of crops require large numbers of useful molecular markers for genetic or QTL identification, comparative mapping and breeding. Studying the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of crops can assist breeders. Crop genetics within a breeding program enable the economic and effective cultivar development. We tried to develop a variety of molecular markers from Angelica gigas genomic sequences for genetic studies and breeding. Methods and Results : A. gigas resources cultivated in Republic of Korea were collected. Fresh leaves were ground with liquid nitrogen and gDNA was extracted using a DNeasy Plant Mini kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA). We sequenced the whole genomes of five A. gigas accessions using Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform and identified genomic Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and InDel markers. DNA amplification was conducted using the PCR system (Bio-Rad T-100 Thermal Cycler). PCR products were separated by capillary electrophoresis on the ABI 3730 DNA analyzer (Applied Biosystems) and Fragment analyzer automated CE system (Advanced Analytical Technologies, Ankeny, IA, USA). Conclusion : We developed novel SSR and InDel markers from A. gigas genomic sequences for further genetic studies and breeding.

Angelica gigas, also called Dang Gui or Korean Angelica, is a major medicinal herb used in Asian countries such as Korea, Japan and China. In Korea, we are using the roots of A. gigas., but, they are using Angelica sinensis in China and using Angelica acutiloba. in Japan to obtain many active constituents such as dercursin, decursinol angelate, nodakenetin, nodakenin, umbelliferone, β-sisterol, or α-pinene. The plants of the Angelica family are used to improve gynecological health. The biggest problem in the cultivation of A. gigas is bolting. If the bolting occurs, A. gigas can not be used as a medicinal component because the roots are lignified. In this study, 11 A. gigas genetic resources in Korea; 1. Hwangje variety, 2. Sungwoo Jongmyo company, 3. Bonghwa No. 1, 4. Bonghwa No. 2, 5. Bonghwa No. 3, 6. Bonghwa No. 4, 7. Jechun local variety, 8. Jirisan local variety, 9. Manchu variety in Eumseong, 10. Manchu variety in Bonghwa, 11. Jinbu local variety, were collected and performed phylogenetic analysis using RAPD molecular markers.

Codonopsis lanceolata is used as a natural medicine or vegetables. It originates in East Asia such as Korea, Japan and China. Similar to Panax ginseng, C. lanceolata contains saponins as effective components. C. lanceolata is cultivated in many regions of South Korea. But, no variety was developed yet and the origin discrimination in the distribution market of C. lanceolata became a problem. In this study, we collected 20 C. lanceolata regional groups; Hoengseong, Wonju, Samcheok, Chuncheon, Pyeongchang, Hongcheon, Yongin, Yangpyeong, Danyang, Chungju, Bonghwa, Ulleung, Yeongju, Sancheong, Muju, Gwangyang, Sinan, Hwasun, Jeju-si and Seogwipo-si, and tested the genetic relationship using RAPD molecular markers. The genomic DNA was extracted using CTAB and the RAPD analysis was performed using 32 primers of Operon Technologies. NTsys-PC program was used for the phylogenetic analysis of the data.