The soils contaminated with radionuclides such as Cs-137 and Sr-90 should be solidified using a binder matrix, because radioactively contaminated soils pose environmental concerns and human health problems. Ordinary Portland cement has been widely used to solidify various radioactive wastes due to its low cost and simple process. In this study, simulant soil waste was solidified using cement waste form. The soils were collected around ‘Kori Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1’ and they were contaminated with the prepared simulant liquid waste containing Fe, Cr, Cs, Ni, Co, and Mn. The water-to-dry ingredients (W/D) ratio of cement waste form was 0.40. The cement paste was poured into a cubic mold (5×5×5 cm) and then cured for 28 days at room temperature. The 28-day compressive strength, water immersion, and EPA1311-toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests were performed to evaluate the structural stability of cement waste form. The compressive strength was not proportional to soil waste loading, and the lowest compressive strength (4±0.1 MPa) was achieved in cement waste form containing 50wt% soil waste. After the water immersion test for 90 days, the compressive strength of cement waste form with 50wt% soil waste increased to 7.5±0.6 MPa, meeting the waste form acceptance criteria in the repository. It is believed that long-term water immersion test contributed to the additional curing and hydration reaction, resulting in the enhanced compressive strength. As a result of the TCLP test, the released amount of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se, Co, Cs, and Sr was less than the domestic and international standards. These results imply that cement waste form can be a promising candidate for the solidification of radioactive soil wastes.

The homogeneity of radioactive spent ion exchange resins (IERs) distribution inside waste form is one of the important characteristics for acceptance of waste forms in long-term storage because heterogenous immobilization can lead to the poor structural stability of waste form. In this study, the homogeneity of metakaolin-based geopolymer waste form containing simulant IERs was evaluated using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and statistical approach. The cation-anion mixed IERs (IRN150) were used to prepare the simulant spent IERs contaminated by non-radioactive Cs, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Co, and Sr (0.44, 8.03, 6.22, 4.21, 4.66, 0.48, and 0.90 mg/g-dried IER, respectively). The K2SiO3 solution to metakaolin ratio was kept constant at 1.2 and spent IERs loading was 5wt%. For the synthesis of homogeneous geopolymer waste form, spent IERs were mixed with K2SiO3 solution and metakaolin first, and then the fresh mixture slurry was poured into plastic molds (diameter: 2.9 cm and height: 6.0 cm). The heterogeneous geopolymer waste form was also fabricated by stacking two kinds of mixtures (8wt% IERs loading in bottom and 2wt% in top) in one mold. Geopolymers were cured for 7d (1d at room temperature and 6d at 60°C). The hardened geopolymers were cut into top, middle, and bottom parts. The LIBS spectra and intensities for Cs were obtained from the top and bottom of each part. Cs was selected for target nuclide because of its good sensitivity for measurement. Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to determine the normality of LIBS data, and it revealed that data from the homogeneous sample is normal distribution (p-value = 0.9246, if p-value is higher than 0.05, it is considered as normal distribution). However, data from the heterogeneous sample showed abnormal distribution (p-value = 7.765×10-8). The coefficient of variation (CoV) was also calculated to examine the dispersion of data. It was 31.3% and 51.8% from homogeneous and heterogeneous samples, respectively. These results suggest that LIBS analysis and statistical approaches can be used to evaluate the homogeneity of waste forms for the acceptance criterion in repositories.

급변하는 환경과 다양한 수요, 격화된 경쟁 등에 효과적으로 대응하기 위하여 학교조직은 관료적이고 권위적인 조직에서, 유연하고 신속하며 전문적인 조직으로의 변화를 요구받고 있다. 그러나 그동안 이루어진 전통적 교육개혁은 하향적 변화전략을 채택함으로써 학교구성원의 변화에 대한 적극성을 이끌어내지 못했으며, 구성원 간 협력, 잠재력 개발, 학습 성과 등에 유의미한 변화를 가져오지 못해 왔다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 전통적 교육개혁의 대안으로, 학교조직에 ‘조직개발’이 어떻게 적용되고 있으며 그 의의는 무엇인지를 탐색하고 향후 발전방향과 과제를 제안하는 데에 목적이 있다. 학교조직에 주로 적용된 조직개발 개입방법으로 ‘총체적질관리’, ‘학습조직’, ‘전문가학습공동체’를 제시하였고 계획적 변화의 모델로서 ‘학교컨설팅’ 및 ‘긍정적 탐색’을 설명하였다. 향후 발전방향으로, 1) 독립된 경영단위 체제로서의 학교조직의 역할과 권한 부여, 2) 학교조직 개발 개입방법의 다양화 모색, 3) 학생들의 인지적, 정서적, 행동적 성과에 대한 관심, 4) 계획적 변화 모델의 엄격한 적용, 5) 학교조직의 독자적인 조직개발 개입방법 마련, 6) 학교 행정가의 조직개발 역량 구축, 7) 국가차원의 조직개발의 필요성을 제시하고 있다.

본 연구는 청소년지도사의 직장적응일치도가 경력성공에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 탐색하고자 청소년지도사의 조직일치도, 직무일치도, 그룹일치도가 조직지원인식을 통해 조직몰입에 미치는 인과관계를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 서울에 소재하고 있는 청소년시설 39개소에 재직하고 있는 5년차 이하 초기경력 청소년지도사 170명을 대상으로 그들이 속한 조직과 자신과의 일치도(조직-개인 일치도), 그들의 직무와 자신과의 일치도(직무-개인 일치도), 그들이 일하는 팀 또는 그룹과 자신과의 일치도 (그룹-개인일치도), 조직이 얼마나 지지하는지의 조직지원인식, 경력성공 변수로 조직몰입을 설문을 통해 조사하였고 그 결과를 SPSS v.22.0 을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 조직-개인 일치도, 직무-개인 일치도, 그룹-개인 일치도 모두 조직지원인식을 부분 매개하여 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 입직한지 얼마 안되는 초기경력 청소년지도사의 직장적응일치도가 경력성공의 하위요인인 조직몰입에 영향을 미치고 이는 그들 인식하는 조직의 자신에 대한 지원인식을 통해 영향을 미친다는 것을 밝혔다는데 의의가 있다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 청소년지도사의 경력성공을 향상하기 위한 시사점과 제한점, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.