새로운 유전자원을 창출하기 위해 풍산나물콩에 EMS를 처리한 후 돌연변이 집단을 육성하고, 돌연변이 계통 중 지방산 함량에 대한 변이체를 찾아 콩 유전육종 재료를 선발하고자 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.M2 3,744개체중 형태적 변이를 보이는 1,000개체를 선발하여 M4 세대에서 난쟁이형 (3.3%), 엽형변이 (2.6%), 엽록소결핍 (1.5%), 꽃색변이 (1.1%), 엽형변이를 보이는 난쟁이형 (0.2%)의 변이가 관찰되었다. 야생형인 풍산나물콩의지방산 함량은 palmitic acid 11.6%, stearic acid 3.4%, oleicacid 25.3%, linoleic acid 52.0%, linolenic acid 8.1%를 나타내었다. M4 892 개체의 종자지방산 함량을 분석한 결과palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenicacid 함량은 각각 7.4~19.7%, 2.2~13.0%, 14.7~49.0%, 31.8~63.9%, 3.9~15.9%의 범위를 나타내었고, 10.8%, 3.8%25.3%, 52.0%, 8.1%의 평균을 보였다. 각각의 지방산 별로 선발된 돌연변이 개체들은 다음과 같다. 고 palmitic acid함량을 나타내는 PE1542 (17.1%), PE3058 (17.0%), 고 stearicacid 함량을 나타내는 PE977 (12.7%)와 저 stearic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE2166 (1.9%), 고 oleic acid 함량을 나타내는PE450 (44.4%), PE2742 (47.7%), PE3058 (33.4%), 저 linolenicacid 함량을 나타내는 PE594 (4.6%), PE1690 (3.7%)와 고linolenic acid 함량을 나타내는 PE2166 (12.6%) 등이 선발되었다.

Shoot-fresh-weight (SFW) is one of the parameters, used to estimate the total plant biomass yield in soybean. Understanding the genetic and molecular basis of SFW could help increase the total biomass production. In this particular study, we identified QTLs associated with SFW in a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population derived from interspecific cross of PI483463 and Hutcheson. A total of 551 (535 SNP and 16 SSR) markers, were found to be polymorphic between the parental lines and were used to screen the RILs to develop the genetic map. Linkage analysis and QTL mapping were performed using with the software QTL IciMapping version 4.0, with the minimum LOD score of 3.0 and estimating the likelihood of a QTL and its corresponding effects at every 1cM. QTLs with LOD value > threshold LOD, as determined by 1000 permutation tests at p > 0.05 were considered as significant QTLs. The analysis identified a total of 5 QTLs associated with shoot fresh weight over two environments, with the phenotypic variation (PV) ranging from 6.34 to 21.32%, and the additive effect from -0.54 to 0.33. Among these QTLs, qFW1314_19_1 had the largest LOD scores, with PV of 21.32%. Interestingly, three QTLs, qFW2013_19_1, qFW2014_19_1, and qFW1314_19_1 identified on chromosome 19(L), showed negative additive effects, indicating the contribution from the wild parent PI483463. The QTLs identified in this study can be the targets to identify the candidate genes for the SFW and can help in developing cultivars with increased biomass potential.

Seed weight (SW), often expressed as 100-seed weight (HSW), is an important yield component in soybean and has been found to show positive correlation with seed yield. It is shown to behave as a quantitative trait controlled by many loci that are largely unclear. In this study, we represent the identification of chromosomal regions controlling the seed weight in soybean. We used a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population, consisting of 188 lines derived from a cross of a wild soybean PI483463 (HSW: 0.85g) and a cultivated soybean cultivar Hutcheson (HSW: 14.05g) to identify the chromosomal regions controlling the SW trait. The population, along with parental samples and check, William82 (HSW: 21.2g) was grown for four years and phenotype data was recorded postharvest. A total of 535 SNP and 16 SSR markers, polymorphic between the parents were employed to genotype the RILs using Golden gate assay to develop the linkage map. Whole genome QTL scanning identified a total of 17 QTLs, spanning 10 chromosomes for the 100-seed weight. All these QTLs explained phenotypic variation (PV) in the range of 3.77 to 12.33%. Of the 17 QTLs, 2 QTLs qSWA1-1 and qSWD2-1, found to be the consistent QTLs, expressing in all the four environments. The QTL qSWD2-1 explained highest contribution to the total PV with 10.04 -12.23 %. The remaining 15 QTLs were identified in at least one environment with PV ranging up to 10.39%. The findings from this study will provide useful information to understand the genetic and molecular basis of SW and facilitate further genomic research leading to the yield improvements in soybean.

Soybeans have been the favored livestock forage for centuries. However, little studies have been succeed in estimating forage quality of soybean by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). To establish NIR equations for soybean forage quality, 353 forage soybean samples, including an 181 recombinant inbred line population derived from PI 483463 (G. soja) ´ Hutcheson (G. max), 104 cultivated soybeans (G. max) and 68 wild soybeans (G. soja) were used to develop NIR for four quality parameters: crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Two NIR spectroscopy equations developed for CP and CF (2,5,5,1; multiple scatter correction [MSC]) and for NDF and ADF (1,4,4,1; MSC) were the best prediction equations for estimating these parameters. The coefficients of determination in external validation set (r2) were 0.934 for CF, 0.909 for CP, 0.767 for NDF, and 0.748 for ADF. The relative predictive determinant (RPD) ratios for MSC (2,5,5,1) calibration indicate that the CP (3.34) and CF (3.45) equations were acceptable for quantitative prediction of soybean forage quality, whereas the NDF (2.34) and ADF (1.97) equations were useful for screening purposes. The NIR calibration equations developed in this study will be useful in predicting the contents of forage qualities and in breeding soybean for forage

Scientific studies have shown that essential fatty acidintake can have a dramatic impact on human health. Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] oil from current commercial cultivars typically containsaround 8%linolenic acid (18:3) known as omega-3 fatty acid. Omega-3 fatty acid plays an important role to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer. Relatively high 18:3 content in seed oil is a trait of the wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) ancestor of modern soybean cultivars. Wild soybean is native to Korean peninsula and recently thousands of wild soybeans collected by soybean researchers in Korea. The objective of this study were to determine the linolenic acid content for wild soybean collection and to determine the stability of linolenic acid content derived from wild soybean over environments. Fatty acid profile for 1,806 wild soybean accessions collected from South Korea was determined by GC. The range of linolenic acid was 7.3 to 23.7% with an average 15.6%. We developed a recombinant inbred population from a cross PI483463 (wild soybean with 15% 18:3) and Hutcheson (cultivar with 8% 18:3). Three RILs, RIL156, RIL159 and RIL166, with high linolenic acid content (over 14%), parents and Williams 82 as checks were grown in nine environments over 2008-2011. Results showed that the content of linolenic acid for the PI483463, Hutcheson, and Williams 82 ranged from 14.8 to 17.1, 8.5 to 9.7, and 6.9 to 8.4 % and averaged 15.4, 9.2 and 8.0%, respectively. However selected RILs 156, 159, and 166 ranged from 10.7 to 15.7, 14 to 15.8, and 14.8 to 15.8, and averaged 13.9, 14.9, and 15.2, respectively. Among the tested accessions, RIL166 was the most stable with the lowest range and CV, and had a relatively lower stability coefficient value than other genotypes. Genes related to high linolenic acid from wild soybean may be useful in developing higher linolenic acid soybean genotypes and would broaden the use of soybean in food applications to improve human nutrition and health.