A combination of Polycarbonate (PC) material and Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), fabricated using an injection molding machine, has been investigated to determine its advantages, as studied in Ref. 1). This paper aims to investigate the optimization of PMMA/PC blend for both tensile yield strength and impact strength. Furthermore, interaction effects of process conditions on mechanical properties including tensile yield strength and impact strength of PMMA/PC blend by injection molding process are interpreted in this study. Tensile and impact specimens are designed following ASTM, type V, and are fabricated by injection molding process. The processing conditions such as melt temperature, mold temperature, packing pressure, and cooling time are applied; each factor has three levels. As a result, in comparison with optimization of separated responses, mechanical properties of PMMA/PC are found to decrease when optimizing both tensile and impact strengths simultaneously. The melt temperature is found to be the most significant interaction parameter with the mold temperature and packing pressure. In addition, there is more interaction between the mold temperature and cooling time. This investigation provides a useful understanding of the control of injection molding processing of polymer blends in optical application.

Sacbrood disease is a viral disease on honey bee larvae Apis cerana. Diseased larvae fail to pupae and to be dead at old larvae and pre-pupae stage. Currently, there is no remedy to control sacbrood disease. In this study we conducted to observe sacbrood disease on Apis cerana colonies from June to September, 2014 at the A. cerana apiary of NAAS, and using biological measure to treat this disease. Our study results were showed that sacbrood disease infected A. cerana colonies in all months of observation. The percentage of infected colonies was from 33.3% up to 100%. Controlling sacbrood disease by requeen measure, the percentage of recovered colonies was 57.1 % while of this by cage queen measure was only 28.6 %.

In this study we conducted to rear worker honey bee (Apis cerana) from larvae to adult stage in the laboratory by using plastic well plates. Our study results were showed that honey bee larvae Apis cerana could be reared in the laboratory. The adult worker bee started to emerge on day 17 from grafting. The emergence of worker bee peak on day 18 and declined thereafter. The average survival rate from larvae to pre-pupae stage was 74.6%. The average survival rates from pre-pupae to adult stage and from larvae to adult stage were 40.7 % and 30.4 % respectively.

Asian is rich in honey bee species and genetic diversity. Among the difference native honey bee species, Apis cerana is very diversity of subspecies and distribution as well. Until now, nine A. cerana subspecies have been named. However, natural diversity of this species is being declined by threats such as pest, disease, deforestation, pesticide positioning and climate change. Therefore, the understanding of morphological characteristics of A. cerana is viral for maintaining biological diversity. In this paper we give an overview of method that are used for distinguish honey bee A. cerana subspecies and ecotype that can contribute to recognize genetic origin of colonies for conservation and breeding purpose. Base on morphmetric method currently in use, we outline strategies for sampling and measuring morphological characteristics on A. cerana.