본 연구에서는 축전식 탈염 공정에 분할 전극을 이용하여 탈염 성능을 향상하고자 하였다. 운전조건으로 NaCl 수용액에 대하여 20 mL/min의 유속과 1.2 V, 3분의 흡착 조건과 -1 V, 1분의 탈착 조건으로 전극의 분할 여부에 따른 탈염 효율을 측정함으로써 실험을 진행하였다. 분할되지 않은 전극에서는 유효면적이 146 cm2일 때 40%의 탈염 효율이 나타났고 분할 전극의 유효면적이 133 cm2일 때 57%의 탈염 효율을 보였다. 같은 분할된 전극에서 탈염 효율은 2 cm 간격을 두었을 때 49%, 1 cm의 간격을 두었을 때 57%로 확인되었다. 탈염 효율이 일반 CDI보다 분할 전극 CDI가 높았고 분할 전극 사이의 간격이 좁을수록 증가하였다.

Nonylphenol (NP) is known to be an endocrine disruptor with estrogen-like activity. In this study, we tested low dose of NP and its alternative candidate Octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (OG) on F1 female mice (n=10) from parents (P) generation to postnatal days(PND) 56. Animals [Control (tap water), NP-50 (50ug/L, drinking water), OG-50(50ug/L, drinking water)] were fed with normal chow and drinking water. ad libitum. Body weights and tissue weights were measured after sacrifice, and sera were measured using creatinine assay (n=8) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ELISA kit (n=8). Histopathology of kidney was used Hematoxylin & Eosin staining method and Periodic Acid-Schiff(PAS) staining method. NP treatment significantly increased body weight and kidney weight of F1 female(p<0.05). The serum levels of creatinine in NP-50 and OG-50 significantly decreased(p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively) compared to the control group. In histopathological study, renal tubules spaces were increased and severe glomerular anomalies were found in NP-50 and OG-50. In NP-50, the thickened basal membrane was observed. The present study demonstrated that NP and OG has renal toxicity, and this toxicity due to long-term low dose treatment seems to be occurred in the next generation and female-specific.