New balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum) variety, ‘Jangbaek’, had been developed by pureline selection from some native cultivars collected in Milyang by the medicinal crops research team of the National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station at 200

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of shattering habit and germination of offtype rice plants collected in Korea which were classified into seven groups based on grain characteristics. In the long-grain red rice group, the short-grain red rice group, the long-grain normal rice group, and the long-grain waxy rice group, the tensile strength of grain and primary rachis branch was relatively low and the fiber cell of the primary rachis branch was short. Characteristics of shattering-related traits and germination in relation to grain and esterase isozyme zymogram type of off-type rice plants. In most lines of the extremely late and sterile rice group, the tensile strength of grain was low, while that of primary rachis branch was high, and the fiber cell was long. However, in the type 1 esterase isozyme zymogram(EIZ) lines among the long-grain normal rice group and the type 6 and 5+6 EIZ plants among the extremely late and sterile rice group, the tensile strength of grain was relatively higher. The long-grain waxy rice group and the type 3 EIZ lines among the long-grain red rice group, showed higher germinability than did cultivars which are known to germinate well even in low-temperature. The other off-type rice group, except for the short-grain waxy rice group and type 1 and 7 EIZ lines among the long-grain normal rice group, had higher germination speed than that of the cultivars.

This study was carried out to determine the effects on rice growth, yields and soil improvement under the different nitrogen levels in machine-transplanted rice after plowing at the fruiting stage of milk vetch. The fresh weight of milk vetch at plowing time was 20.95 ton/ha. In dry weight, T-N and C/N were 1.58%, 21.8%, respectively. Organic matter, total nitrogen and exchangeable calcium of soil after the experiment in the plot of milk vetch were higher than those before the experiment. Leaf area and dry weight of rice plants at heading date increased as nitrogen level increased. The number of panicle and spikelets per ~textrmm2 were not different except for the 110 kg/ha nitrogen level plot with milk vetch. Brown rice yield ranged from 5.45 to 6.08 ton/ha, in creasing with increased nitrogen level. So the yield increased by 1% at 77 kg/ha nitrogen level, 7% at 110 kg/ha nitrogen level plot with milk vetch compared with conventional level (rice straw 5.4 ton/ha and nitrogen 110 kg/ha).