In the area of carbon-based thin films, graphene/polyimide conductive films display remarkable heat resistance and mechanical properties, making them a valuable resource for utilisation in a multitude of manufacturing and living contexts. Nevertheless, modulating the interfacial structure between graphene and polyimide represents a significant challenge in the pursuit of enhancing the conductivity of the composite films, due to the elevated initial temperature of polyimide pyrolysis (exceeding 600 °C). To develop it, this study found that polyimide could undergo chemical bond breaking and atomic rearrangement at around 500 °C, when subjected to an applied electric field in graphene/polyimide films. A series of characterisations showed that the graphene/polyimide film formed a new interfacial structure under electrothermal treatment, which enhanced the electron transport capacity and increased its conductivity from about 1497.01 s m− 1 to about 2688.17 s m− 1, with an increase of about 79.57%. This study would provide the possibility of modulating the structure of polyimide below the pyrolysis temperature, as well as a feasible idea for transferring the properties of graphene into the polyimide matrix.

Ibuprofen (IBU), a common pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), is a pervasive water pollutant with adverse ecological and human health effects after transformation and accumulation. In this study, we synthesized Fe, N-doped carbon quantum dots (Fe, N-CQDs) using pig blood and FeCl3 as a precursor via a one-step hydrothermal method. TEM, XRD, XPS, and UV–Vis were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of Fe, N-CQDs. We investigated the feasibility of Fe, N-CQDs in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for IBU degradation under visible light. The experimental results revealed that Fe in Fe, N-CQDs predominantly formed a stable complex through Fe–N and Fe-OH, with a high degree of graphitization and a sp2- hybridized graphitic phase conjugate structure. The Fe, N-CQDs/Light/PMS system exhibited strong activity, degrading over 87% of IBU, maintaining a wide pH range (3–10) adaptability. Notably, Fe, N-CQDs acted as visible-light catalysts, promoting Fe3+/ Fe2+ cycling and PMS activation, generating both free radicals ( SO4 •–, ·OH) and non-radicals (1O2, h+) to effectively degrade IBU. This study presents an innovative approach for the sustainable utilization of pig blood as a biomass precursor to synthesize Fe- and N-doped carbon materials. This study provides a new approach for the sustainable and value-added utilization of natural wastes and biomass precursors of Fe- and N-doped carbon materials, which can be used to treat pollutants in water while treating discarded pig blood.

In this study, we successfully grafted chitosan (CS) onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to enhance their properties and potential applications in the biomedical field. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the successful covalent bonding of CS onto MWCNTs, indicated by the new absorption peak of the amide bond (–CONH–). Thermal analysis showed that the modified MWCNTs (MWCNT-CS) had significant weight loss around 260 °C, suggesting the decomposition of hydroxypropyl chitosan, and confirming its presence in the nanocomposite. SEM images revealed that CS grafting improved the dispersibility of MWCNTs, a property crucial for their use as nanofillers in polymers. Moreover, the micro-tensile bond strength of dentin surface increased with increasing MWCNT-CS concentrations, indicating the potential of MWCNT-CS as a pretreatment for dentin bonding. After simulated aging, the bond strength remained significantly higher for MWCNT-CS groups compared to those without pretreatment. In biocompatibility assessment using the MTT assay, MWCNT-CS showed higher cell viability than MWCNT, suggesting improved biocompatibility after CS modification. The results of this study suggest that CS-modified MWCNTs could be promising materials for applications in dentin bonding, dentin mineralization, bone scaffolding, implants, and drug delivery systems.

The extensive application of robots in hospitality and tourism service has transformed the original human-contact into contact-less, so it is necessary to understand the transformation of customers consumption behaviors under this new service mode. While studies have started investigating how service robots enhance the consumer autonomy, the impact of such technology on customers consumption behaviors remains largely unexplored and its underlying mechanism are still unclear. To address this issue, we explore how service robots shape customers autonomous behaviors in hospitality and tourism services. Drawing on the social impact theory, we presented an underlying process in terms of social discomfort, and reveal the boundary conditions.

Recently, a landmark representing the local community is formed by giving meaning to a building or place based in the area. By giving artificial meaning along with natural conditions, it plays a role in attracting tourists as well as residents. Therefore, this study intends to study service design targeting the Dulle-gil of Korea Transportation University located in Chungju. For this, a new design method was studied by identifying the current condition of the Dulle-gil and analyzing the inconvenience factors. Dullegil is a space where facilities with the functions of exercise, rest, and walking harmoniously harmonize with the natural environment. It is a sufficient space to seek satisfaction, gain experiences, and recharge. In particular, it can become a medium that can instill a positive image of Korea and schools to foreign students, and furthermore, it will become an intangible asset that can serve as an ambassador for future Korea. Therefore, by researching and suggesting the design elements that make up the Dullegil of Korea Transportation University, the purpose is to build a landmark image of Korea Transportation University as a local attraction that not only students, faculty, but also residents can enjoy.

The consolidation results of fine tungsten powders, W-Cu composite and W/Cu FGM by using a novel method combining resistance sintering with ultra high pressure have been reviewed. The densification effects of the consolidation parameters, including pressure, input power and sintering time, have been investigated. The sintering mechanism of this method was quite different from other sintering methods. Particle rearrangement, sliding, distortion and crushing due to the ultra high pressure are the dominant mehanisms at the initial stage, then the dominant sintering mechanisms are transient arc-fused processes controlled by the input power.