본 연구에서는 미국 환경청에서 개발하여 유역 오염총량관리를 위한 수질모형으로 이용되고 있는 HSPF 모형을 선정하여 발안 HP#6 시험유역을 대상으로 모형의 적용성을 분석하였다. HSPF모형을 이용하여 HP#6 시험유역에서 모형의 보정기간인 1996년부터 1997년까지 유출량을 모의한 결과, RMSE는 2.1mm, RMAE는 0.4mm, 는 0.92로 모의되었으며, 모형의 검정기간인 1999년부터 2000년의 모의 결과 RMSE는 6.03mm, RMAE

본 논문에서는 유역과 강우특성을 통합하여 오염물질 부하량을 계산할 수 있는 접근방법을 제시하였다. 이 기법의 기본적인 개념은 특정유역에서 강우시 발생하는 오염물질의 유량 가중평균 농도, 즉 EMC 변화는 오로지 강우패턴에 의해 결정된다는 가정에 기초하고 있다. 이러한 가정은 적어도 유역의 토지이용에 급격한 변화가 없고(적어도 강우가 집중되는 경작기간동안) 점 오염원이 적은 농촌유역에서는 타당하다. 따라서, 다양한 농촌유역과 강우 패턴 조건에서 조사된 많

용담호의 주요 유입 지류를 대상으로 1998년 12월부터 1999년 10월까지 매월 1회 측정된 수질농도 자료와 1999년 6원 강우시 3차에 걸쳐 4시간 간격의 집중 수질 측정 자료를 이용하여 강우의 영향을 고려한 월별 가중 평균 농도를 산정하였다. 연중 오염물질 유입부하를 산정하기 위하여 10 mm 이상의 강우가 발생하였을 경우 유역의 표면유출 및 오염물질 농도가 심각하게 증가한다고 가정하고, 강우시 측정된 수질농도 측정치를 적용하였으며, 10 mm

In this study, the material cycle model was applied to suggest alternative management of water quality for Jeju Harbor. The distribution of COD, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus) concentrations was reasonably reproduced by simulations on the model area of the Jeju Harbor using a material cycle model. The simulations of COD, DIN and DIP concentrations were performed under the conditions of 20～100% pollution loadings reductions from pollution sources. In case of the 100% reduction of the input loads from Sanzi river, concentrations of COD, DIN and DIP were reduced to 39%, 78% and 52%, respectively at Jeju harbor. In contrast, in case of the pollutant loadings reductions from sediment, the effect of DIN and DIP reduction relatively seemed to increase around the center of study area. The 95% reduction of the pollutant loadings from river and sediment is required to meet the COD and nutrients concentration of second grade of ocean water quality criteria.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor and to estimate pollutant loadings discharged into Jeju Harbor. To know characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor and pollutant loadings of Sanzi river, we have investigated from August, 2000 to May, 2001. The results showed that the concentrations of COD, DIN and DIP were in the range of 1.00～4.85㎎/L (mean 2.15㎎/L), 2.14～74.0㎍-at/L(mean 12.20㎍-at/L) and 0.52～4.00㎍-at/L(mean 1.18㎍-at/L), respectively. These values were under Ⅲ class of seawater quality criteria. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was lower than 16 except for Station 1 in Jeju harbor. Therefore, nitrogen was playing an important role in phytoplankton growth as limiting factor in Jeju harbor. The mean values of eutrophication index were exceeding 1, which was the eutrophication criteria. The results of estimating pollutant loadings at Sanzi river are 0.30 ton/day for COD, 300㎏/day for DIN and 18.0㎏/day for DIP, respectively.

This study was carried out to provide the basic information for the water quality management of the Sumjin River Basin. The Chooryeongchon stream watershed was selected and the parameters representing water quality were investigated from May 1999 to September 2002, periodically. Yearly mean runoff ratio to the rainfall amount of the watershed was analysed as 26.6~58.8%. Temporal variation of water quality constituents such as water temperature, pH, EC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus were analysed. The result showed that pH ranged 5.7~7.7, EC 54~167 μS/cm, COD 0.8~18.1 mg/L, respectively. Total-N and total-P concentration ranged from 0.89 to 5.19 mg/L and from 0.0004 to 0.030 mg/L, respectively. The relationships between runoff and mass load were derived and showed high linear relationships.

The objective of this study is understanding and evaluation of temporal and spatial variation of pollutant loads by input sources for water quality management in Kamak Bay. Flow rate of rivers and ditches ranges from about 2,592-63,072㎥/d in October to 864-55,296㎥/d in January. In particular, the R2 predominated flow rate among input sources. Total COD, BOD, DIN and DIP loadings in January were about 896kg/d, 718kg/d, 2,152kg/d, and 154kg/d, respectively, which exceeded those of October. Lower POC/TOC levels are estimated in R2, and also in October. Temporal variation of pollutant loads were closely related to the human activity. Total discharging loadings of BOD, TN and TP by unit loading estimation were 4,993.0kg/d, 2,558.7kg/d, and 289.2kg/d, respectively, and were mainly affected by the population. Runoff ratio of BOD was about 0.14 in January. Mean NH4+-N and PO43--P loadings from sediment were 16.23㎎/㎡/d and 7.26㎎/㎡/d, respectively. For the improvement of water quality in this area, not only pollutant loads of rivers and ditches but also benthic flux from sediment should be reduced within the limits of the environmental capacity.

In order to evaluate the applicability of GWLF model which can efficiently estimate non-point and point source pollutant loadings in rural watershed including urban district, the model was applied to an experimental watershed. The model was calibrated using observed data such as daily runoffs, sediment yields, T-N, and T-P. Simulated daily runoffs and sediment yields by the model using calibrated parameters were in food agreement with the observed data. There were difference between the simulated and observed nutrient loading which was considered resonable. The simulated results by the model showed that T-N, T-P and sediment yields were dependent on the amount of stream runoff discharge and land use. GWLF model is believed to applicable to estimate amount of pollutant loading of non-point source pollution for the water qualify control of agricultural watersheds.

Estimation of current and future loading from watershed is necessary for the sound management of water quality of an estuary lake. Pollution sources of point and non-point source pollution were surveyed and Identified for the Koheung watershed. Unit factor method was used to estimate potential pollutant load from the watershed of current conditions. Flow rate and water qualify of base flow and storm-runoff were monitored in the main streams of the watershed. Estimation of runoff pollutant loading from the watershed into the lake in current conditions was conducted by GWLF model after calibration using observed data. Prospective pollutant loading from the reclaimed paddy fields under cultivation conditions was estimated using the modified CREAMS model. As a result, changes of pollutant loading into estuary lake according to non-cultivation and cultivation conditions of reclaimed tidal land were estimated.

The Keum river has been utilized for drinking water supply of several city including Kunsan city and is deepening pollution state due to numerous municipal and industrial discharges. The concentration BOD in river is affected by the organic loading from a tributary and the algae biomass that largely happen to under eutrophication state. In the eutrophic water mass such as the Keum river, the autochthonous BOD was very important part for making a decision of water quality management, because it was accounted for majority of the total BOD. The predict of water quality has important meaning for management of water quality pollution of the Keum river. The purpose of this study will manage and predict water quality of the Keum river using QUAL-2E model considering the autochthonous BOD. The estimation of autochthonous BOD represented that the relationship between BOD and chlorophyll a. The regression equation was shown to be autochthonous BOD=β5×chlorophyll a. The results of this study may be summarized as followed; The QUAL-2E model was calibrated with the data surveyed in the field of the study area in June, 1998. The calculated value by QUAL-2E model are in good agree to measured value within relative error of 7.80∼20.33%. Especially, in the case of the considering autochthonous BOD, the calculated value of BOD were fairly good coincided with the observed values within relative error of 15%. But the case of not considering autochthonous BOD, relative error of BOD was shown to be 43.2%. In order to attain Ⅱ grade of water quality standard in Puyo station which has a intake facility of water supply, we reduced to the pollutants loading of tributaries. In the case of removed 100% BOD of tributaries, the BOD of Puyo station was 4.07㎎/ℓ, belong to Ⅲ grade of water quality standard. But in the case of removed 88% nutrient of tributaries, it was satisfied to Ⅱ grade of water quality standard as below 3㎎/ℓof BOD. For estimation of autochthonous BOD in Keum river, we are performed simulating in accordance with reduction of nutrient load(50∼100%) under conditions removal 90% organic load. Occupancy of autochthonous BOD according to nutrient loading reductions were varied from 25.97∼79.51%. Occupancy of autochthonous BOD was shown to be a tendency to increasing in accordance with reduction of nutrient loading. Showing the above results, the nutrient that one of the growing factor of algae was important role in decision of BOD in the Keum river. For the water quality management of the Keum river, therefore, it is necessary to considering autochthonous BOD and to construction of advanced sewage treatment plant for nutrient removal.

댐저수지 유역의 오염부하 특성 조사를 위하여 강우기와 비강우기로 나누어 섬진강댐 저수지 상류 유입하천에 대한 수질조사를 실시하였다. 비강우기시에 조사된 각 조사 지점의 수질항목별 농도는 상대적으로 인구와 가축 등 오염원이 많은 용산교 지점에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 강수시 유출부하는 매번 조사 시점에 따라 다르게 나타나며 강우량과 강우강도 그리고 선행강우상태 등에 따라서도 다르게 나타난다. 1998년과 1999년에 조사된 자료에서 수질변화를 살펴본면 조사

본 연구는 금강의 주요지류인 미호천 유역에 소재하고 있고 주요 텔레미터 수위표가 위치한 4개의 지점을 선정하여 유출량과 오염부하량의 상관성 분석을 통해 각 소유역의 전체 오염부하량을 추정하였다. 본 연구에서는 대상유역의 유량측정 지점을 중심으로 평·갈수시 및 홍수시의 유출량 및 수질을 분석하였다. 분석된 유출량 및 수질자료를 통해 유역의 수위-유량관계곡선과 농도변화를 분석하였다. 그리고, 유출량과 수질항목간의 상관관계를 분석하였고, 단위면적당 유출량 변

In order to manage the water quality from the flowing streams in Cheju Island, the characteristics of water quality was investigated from August, 1996 to May, 1997 and the pollutant loadings for future were estimated from the watershed at each stream. Comparing the mean concentrations of each water quality with the criterion of water quality in river, it was under I class except for Changgo Stream, for DO, under I class at the whole station for SS and under Ⅱ class for BOD. As the pollutant loadings at each stream in 2020 is compared with those in 1996, the estimated results are as follows : 1) for BOD, 59% at Donghong Stream, 24% at Yeonoe Stream, 44% at Ohngpo Stream and 57% at Changgo Stream. 2) for T-N, 91% at Donghong Stream, 76% at Yeonoe Stream, 63% at Ohngpo Stream and 89% at Changgo Stream. 3) for T-P, 69% at Donghong Stream, 42% at Yeonoe Stream, 45% at Ohngpo Stream and 73% at Changgo Stream The point source loadings discharged through combined sewer could be treated at sewage treatment plant. However, the expected slow decreasing rate of BOD, T-N, and T-P loadings is due to the part of untreated nonpoint source loadings. Nonpoint source loading overflow typically occurs when the flow of stormwater combined with sewage exceeds the capacity of the interceptor sewers. Since most of the sewers used in Cheju Island are the combined sewers, the combined overflow sewage is bypassed into the receiving water area after a rainstorm. Therefore, a means to control nonpoint source loadings should be considered for the river and marine water quality management.

본연구의 목적은 강우시 지표수의 흐름을 통해 유출되는 오염부하 산정 시스템을 개발하고 정상류 흐름의 성격을 띠는 점원오염의 월별, 수기별 오염부하를 산정하기 위한 각종 수질 인자별 발생부하와 배출부하 사이의 관계를 규명하여 각 지천 소유역의 울별 및 수기별 오염부하를 산정하는 모형 시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 또한 댐 상류 하천 구간에 대한 수질 모델링을 통하여 댐유입부의 오염부하를 산정하는데 있다. 대상유역의 토지 이용분포와 지표수 유출거동에 관련된 지