The effects of 0.2 ppm ozone on the developing chloroplast of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedling during greening were examined by chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic electron transport activity, Fo, Fv and fluorescence quenching coefficient. Chlorophyll contents of seedling treated with ozone were not changed in comparison with the control during the 96 h greening experiment, but PS Ⅱ activity of the chloroplasts of seedlings treated with ozone was decreased by 15%. Fo was slightly decreased but Fv was decreased by 13% in comparison with the control. In fluorescence quenching analysis, qP and qE were decreased by 11% and 19%, respectively, in comparison with the control. These results suggest that oxidation site of PS Ⅱ is the site affected mostly and PQ pool is also affected slightly by 0.2 ppm ozone.
The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of the growth characteristics of the landscape trees for better landscape planting design, construction and maintenance through the prediction of landscape change as time passes by the analysis of survival rate, distribution patterns & increment percent of tree height, width, stem diameter (breast or surface) of widely used six tree species in Seongnam-si Eunhang-jugong apartment housing areas (8 years have passed after landscape planting work). The main results can be summarized as follows:
The tree survival rate of Pinus parviflora was the highest rate 89.2% than any other species, but Acer buergerianum showed the lowest survival rate as that of it 35.0%, & that of Picea abies 70.5 %, Metasequoia glyptostroboides 71.6%, Magnolia denudata 38.9%, Acer palmatum was 71.7%. As a whole, the tree survival rate of coniferous trees were relatively high.
The tree height increment percent of the deciduous species were relatively high. And that of Metasequoia glyptostroboides was the highest rate 11.61 % than any other species, but that of Magnolia denudata was the lowest rate 5.59% than any other species. According to this results, the increment percent of trees in this apartment areas were comparatively lower than that of each related species planted in nursery area. And this results would be considered when landscape experts do landscape planting design, construction & maintenance.
The distribution patterns of present tree size showed a Normal Distribution like any other biological features.
Developmental changes of chlorophyll-protein complexes (CPs) and plastid membrane proteins in greening mung bean cotyledons and the effect of spermine thereon were examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The changes in the amounts of CPs became larger with the progress of greening and light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) was the main CP in the early greening stage up to 48 h. As the greening proceeded, chlorophyll-protein of the photosystem I (CPI) accumulated. Application of spermine were effective in accumulating CPs of the thylakoid membrane in the early phase of greening. In the profiles of the plastid membrane proteins, quantitative and qualitative changes were observed with the onset of greening up to 72 h. 56 kD protein of major intensity was observed in all greened chloroplasts and 24 kD protein increased remarkablly in both control and spermine-treated cotyledons. The thylakoids from spermine-treated cotyledons showed higher amounts of thylakoid proteins as compared to the controls. The results suggest that spermine may play a role in the regulation of plastid development and stabilizes the membrane function during greening.