2021년 중국 고령화율(65세 이상)은 14.2%로 고령화 사회를 넘어 고령 사회로 진 입했다. 32년간 견지했던 산아제한(1가정 1자녀) 정책을 2021년에 출산 장려정책으로 전환했지만, 노동인구 100명당 노인부양비율은 21.1로 급등하고 있다. 조사 결과, 양 로에 대한 부모·자식 세대간 인식이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 독생자 부모 38.45%, 비 독생자 부모 46.35%는 양로가 자녀책임이라고 했으나, 자녀의 76.65%는 본인들 책임 으로 꼽았다. 독생자녀를 둔 부모의 66.1%가 사구양로(재택양로)를 선택했으나, 다자 녀 가정 부모 70%는 가정양로를 선택했다. 분석 결과, 결혼 후 무자녀 혹은 둘째를 낳지 않을 경우, 중국 양로 문제 해결에 부정적 영향이 클 것으로 분석됐다.

The level of aging in Yanbian area has surpassed that in China so that the situation is very serious. With the high proportion of the elderly living alone, the poor elderly in Yanbian area and the premise of insufficient provision for the aged, there are many problems, such as the diversification of the elderly problem, the disparity of the elderly individuals, the weak awareness of the old-age planning and the weak subjectivity of the elderly. The home-based care for the elderly in Yanbian community is also facing great challenges. There are some problems in Yanbian community pension service, such as insufficient special funds, low level of professionalism, contradiction of social service delivery system, and lack of a joint force among the main bearers of social work for the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "medical treatment+supporting+nursing" combined, "four in one" multi-linked community home service model and set up a service network system for the elderly to realize the diversification of the service carriers for the elderly, fulfill the diversification and individualization service needs of the elderly groups in Yanbian in the process of service specialization to meet the diversified and individual service needs of the elderly groups.

For the purpose of disclosing the effects of exercise program on physical fitness for health promotion, living activities, and performance abilities of the elderly in the institution, questionnaire survey and physical examination were performed on the subject, aged 65 years or older. The subjects consisted of experimental (33 persons) and control (35 persons) groups, matched with gender and age. The experimental group was put on the exercise program; working their upper and lower limbs for 12 weeks using dumbbell and lead-packed weight. The results were as follows: 1)The mean values of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group in all variables of physical fitness, in all variables except for living activities, and in all variables of performance abilities after exercise program. 2)The mean values were significantly improved in all variables of experimental group after exercise program, but the mean values were decreased or maintained in most of variables of control group after exercise.

This study is focused on investigating the problematic point of residential care facilities in the area of exterior environment. It considers the somato-type of the external space creation in order to consider the size of the exact facilities. Also, it presents a facility standard of the average number of old people who are possibility suitable to each facility. The walking space of residential care facilities must reflect the exact height, shoulder height, shoulder width, the length of arms, and the height of hands of the elderly person, and it must recalculate facilities to the exact size based on a measured standard. The parking space needs to consider the height, length, width and of walkers, wheel chairs, etc. The open space must consider the body weight of old people and must reflect the somato-type of seat height. Also, each space should reflect the quality of life that each old person desires and must plan for it accordingly. The design must consider the viewpoint of the external space as a paid provision for old age facilities. It must create a space according to each body's condition, according to the results of proceeding research, and it must create a space suitable to the actual condition of elderly people.