숫자는 객관적 수치를 나타내는 수량 전달의 기본적인 기능 외에도 다양한 함축적인 의미를 전달하는 역할을 할 수 있다. 특히 중국어에는 종종 숫자와 조합된 줄임 말을 활용하여 어떤 대상을 대신하여 지칭하거나, 주요 내용을 포괄하여 명시하기도 한다. 그중 가장 익숙한 예시로 ‘两会’는 ‘全国人民代表大会’(전국 인민 대표 대회)와 ‘政治协商会议’(정치 협상 회의)를 통칭하는 말이며, ‘一国两制는 “하나의 국가 내에 두 체제를 허용 한다”는 의미이다. 이와 같은 단어 구성을 숫자 줄임말이라 부른다. 숫자 줄임말은 특히 사회 정책이나 주요 사안을 제시하는 정부 공문서에서 자주 볼 수 있는데, 각각 상이한 숫자가 다양한 형태로 조합되어 나타난다. 또 일부 숫자는 표면적으로는 같은 숫자라 하더라도 상황에 따라 각기 다른 의미나 기능을 나타낼 수 있으며, 숫자를 제외한 부분 또한 간단한 단어에서부터 구, 비교적 긴 문장까지 다양한 형식을 띠고 있다. 본고는 중국 정부 공문서에서 나타나는 숫자 줄임말의 내부 형식을 언어학적으로 분석하고, 그것에 함축된 의미도 살펴보고자 한다.

This paper investigated the system that is relevant to Jang(fermented soybean paste or solution), the relief of hunger- stricken people by Jang, 33 kinds of Jang, and its consumption in the documents, such as the annals of the Chosun Dynasty, Ihlseong-document, Seungjeongwon daily, Uigwe(record of national ceremony), official documents on the basis of Kyujanggak institute for the Korean studies and data base of Korean classics. There are lots of Jang named after the place of particular soybean's production from the ancient times. Jang, soybean, salt and Meju(source of Jang), during the Dynasty, were collected as taxation or tribute. In the 5th year of Hyeonjong(1664), the storage amount of soybean in Hojo(ministry of finance) was 16, 200 ㎘, and its consumption was 7, 694 ㎘ a year. In the 32nd year of Yongjo(1756), the 1, 800 ㎘ of soybean was distributed to the people at the time of disaster, and in his 36th year(1756), the 15, 426 ㎘ of soybean was reduced from the soybean taxation nationwide. The offices managing Jang are Naejashi, Saseonseo, Sadoshi, Yebinshi and Bongsangshi. Chongyoongcheong(Gyeonggi military headquarters) stored the 175.14 ㎘ of Jang, and the 198 ㎘ of Jang in Yebinshi. There are such posts managing Jang as Jangsaek, Jangdoo, and Saseonsikjang. In the year of Jeongjong(1777～1800), the royal family distributed the 3.6 ㎘ of Meju to Gasoon-court, Hygyeong-court, queen's mother-court, queen's court, royal palace. The 13.41 ㎘ of Gamjang(fermented soybean solution) was distributed to the Gasoon-court, 17.23 ㎘ to Hegyeong-court, 17.09 ㎘ to the queen's mother-court, and the 17.17 ㎘ to the queen's court each. There are 112 Jang-storing pots in the royal storages, and the 690 are in Namhan-hill, where the 2.7 ㎘ of fermented Jang was made and brought back by them each year. At the time of starvation, Jang relieved the starving people. There are 20 occasions of big reliefs, according to the annals of the Chosun Dynasty. In the 5th year of Sejong(1423), the 360 ㎘ of Jang was given to the hunger-stricken people. In his 6th year(1424), the 8, 512.92 ㎘ of rice, bean, and Jang was provided and in the 28th year(1446), the 8, 322.68 ㎘ of Jang was also provided to them. In the Dynasty, Jang was given as a salary. In case that when they were bereaved, they didn't eat Jang patiently for its preservation. They were awarded for their filial piety. In the annals of the Chosun Dynasty, there are 19 kinds of Jang. They are listed in the order of Jang(108), Yeomjang(90), Maljang(11), Yookjang(5), Gamjang(4), and etc., . In Seungjeongwon daily, there are 11 kinds of Jang. Jang(6), Cheongjang (5), Maljang(5), and Tojang(3) are listed in order. In the Ihlseong-document, there are 5 kinds of Jang. They are listed in Jang(15), Maljang(2), Gamjang(2), and etc., . There are 13 kinds of Jang in Uigwe, and the official documents, in the order of Gamjang(59), Ganjang(37), Jang(28), Yeomjang(7), Maljang(6), and Cheongjang(5). In addition, shi are Jeonshi(7), and Dooshi(4). All these are made of only soybean except, for Yookjang. The most-frequently recorded Jang among anthology, cookbook, the annals of the Chosun Dynasty, Ihlseong-document, Seoungjeongwon daily, Uigwe, or officialdocument is Jang(372), and then Yeomjang(194), Gamjang(73), Cheongjang(46), Ganjang(46), Soojang(33), and Maljang(26), which were made of soybean. Jang from China in cookbook is not in anthology and royal palace documents. Thus, traditional Jang made of soybean was used in the daily food life in the royal court, and in the public during the Chosun period.