This study was conducted to investigate the confinement effect of circular specimens were confined to fiber composites (CF, GF, P·E·T, etc.). According to the test results, the cylinders strengthened with CFRP and GFRP showed improved strength and ductility when compared with the control cylinder. As the number of FRP sheets increased, load-carrying capacity increased, but ductility decreased. The specimen strengthened with PET indicated negligible strength improvement, but showed substantial ductility.

This study was conducted to investigate the confinement effect of circular specimens were confined to fiber composites (CF, GF, P·E·T, etc.). According to the test results, the cylinders strengthened with CFRP and GFRP showed improved strength and ductility when compared with the control cylinder. As the number of FRP sheets increased, load-carrying capacity increased, but ductility decreased. The specimen strengthened with PET indicated negligible strength improvement, but showed substantial ductility.

To date, chemical managements of plant bacterial diseases are complicated by limitations on use of antibiotics in agriculture, antibiotic resistance development, and limited efficacy of alternative control agents. In this study, thus, we performed screening of eco-friendly farming material (notice no. 2-4-064) containing tannic acid as new antibacterial-activity against 7 plant bacterial pathogens: Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc), Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), Xanthomonas cirti pv. citri (Xcc), Erwinia pyrifoliae (Ep), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), and Streptomycesscabies (Sc), Initial screening of antibacterial effects of eco-friendly farming material was performed using the paper disk diffusion method and co-cultivation in broth culture. Tannic acid based eco-friendly farming material showed inhibitory effect against Pcc, Rs, Aac, Xcc, Cmm, and Ss, whereas it did not show inhibition zone against Ep. However, when it tested by co-cultivation in broth culture, it showed strong inhibition effect against all pathogens that declined growth curve compared to bacterial pathogen only. Interestingly, when we observed morphological changes on those pathogens by SEM, cell morphologies of 7 pathogens were slightly changed that seem to be malfunction in their cell envelope.

The object of this study is to investigate the confined effects of specimens using GFRP(glass fiber reinforced polymer) sheet and PET(polyethylene terephthalate) sheet. Since GFRP and PET sheet have a grate deformation capacity, the brittle failure of concrete can be avoid. A total of specimens is sixteen and major variables are the type of strengthen material and strengthening layer. As a result of test, specimens reinforced with a glass fiber sheet compare to the standard specimen have a significant increase both strength and ductility. Ductile of the specimens reinforced with PET is superior to it of the GFRP regardless of strengthening layer. However, in the strength effect aspect is not great compare to the ductile. Resultingly, it is judged that the reinforced method with PET is available to apply field application.