본 연구는 교도관의 적극적인 교정처우에 걸림돌이 되는 수용자와의 갈등환경 및 실태를 살펴보고 이에 대한 개선방향을 모색하였다. 교정시설 수용자들은 2017년부터 2021년까지 5년간 국가인권위원회에 진정 3,225 건, 진정 21,707건 등 권리구제를 신청했지만 인정률은 0.4%에 그쳤다. 수용자의 과 도한 구제요청은 교도관의 직무스트레스를 가중시키고 수용자와의 갈등을 유발하여 교 도관의 적극적인 교정처우를 어렵게 만든다. 따라서 수용자의 권리구제를 위한 장치가 교도관의 적극적인 교정처우에 걸림돌이 되지 않고 오히려 지원장치로 작용할 수 있도 록 관련 법과 제도를 개선할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 개선방안을 제시 하였다. 첫째, 미국 PREA에 준하는 수용자권리구제법을 제정할 필요가 있다. 이를 통해 수 용자 권리구제의 개념, 범위, 절차, 한계 등을 보다 명확히 규정할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 교정공무원의 건강과 안전, 복지에 관한 기본법을 제정할 필요가 있다. 이를 통해 극심한 직무스트레스로 인한 정신건강 위험성을 사전에 진단하고 치료하여 경찰공무원 수준의 보건안전 및 복지서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 한다. 셋째, 과밀로 인한 각종 민 원과 갈등을 해소하기 위한 교정시설의 적극적인 개선이 필요하다. 넷째, 수용자의 고 령화에 따른 교정처우 프로그램 및 시설 개선이 필요하다. 수용자의 급격한 고령화는 만성질환, 우울증 등 각종 노인성 증후군으로 이어져 기존 치료 프로그램으로는 한계 가 있다. 다섯째, 수용자들이 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 고충처리 사례집을 마련한다. 이 를 통해 수용자의 과도한 구제신청을 줄이고, 교도관과의 관계 회복을 촉진하며, 교도 관이 적극적인 교정처우에 전념할 수 있는 여건을 조성하는 데 기여할 수 있다.

Living in a world governed almost entirely by the exercise of the discretion naturally generates a wide range of grievances. Accordingly it is essential that prisoners have a number of avenue of redress open to them whereby the illegal exercise of power maybe challenged, and by which compensation can be recovered for the infringement of such rights as survive in all prisoners notwithstanding there infringement. Under the Prison Act, prisoners have the right to pursue a request or complaint connected to or arising from there imprisonment with the governor of the prison. And it has long been accepted that prisoners also have the right to complaint to or petition the Minister with overall responsibility for the Prison Service and the care of prisoners. But the previous scheme was generally regarded as unsatisfactory for a number of reasons. It was inefficient, slow and lacking in coherence. The Ministry of Justice embarked upon a process of revising the Criminal Administration Act in 2004, and submitted the Revision Bill to the national Assembly on April 26. 2006. In this Bill a new system to enhance the efficiency and transparency of the correction adminstration, such as mandatory institutionalization of the corrections committee for consultation and legalization of the interview system with the governor of the prison. The new system is better than before, but still have major defects to dispel the culture of defensiveness surrounding the issue of complaints or requests. After the Seoul-Jail case in 2006 the Ministry of Justice introduced new systems, such as Sexual Assault Watch, Prison Ombudsman, and Advisory Council on Correction Affairs, to ensure consistency in monitoring human rights policies while accommodating public opinion about rights improvements and expanding popular participation in justice affairs administration in 2006. This article, therefore, reviews the new systems and suggests that these should be accepted in the Bill which is submitted to the national Assembly.

Punishment for crimes committed in Korea Today is meted out based on rehabilitation of the offender. Consequently, during their incarceration, prisoners are given technical training. It is important that the constitutional rights of prisoners be limited. Prisoners rights and determining their restrictions are major problems with present criminal policy. Therefore, prisoners' rights must be protected to the utmost. Since the end of the Second World War, criminal policy of the international community, centering around the United Nations, has had an influence on Korea, leading to the latest revision of the country's Prison Act and efforts for the maximum protection of rights. The Prison Act must stipulate to what degree a prisoner's rights may be restricted as well as how assistance can be received when those rights are violated, but the Prison Act stipulate no such provisions. To solve these problems, the following are proposed. First, the penal system must be able to address the complaints of prisoners according to law, and there must be more flexibility in the operation of prison affairs. Second, there are many cases in which a prisoner cannot begin legal proceedings for an appeal or present a constitutional lawsuit to a court. Therefore, as is the case in Germany, in Korea also a law must be made which provides that prisoners who have their rights violated while incarcerated under the death penalty may initiate legal proceedings under the Prison Act. Third, The penal system must be independent of the Ministry of Justice, whose supervision it is now under. Specialization must be attained in prison management, but first, there must be an attitudinal change in prison management and security personnel.