민가건축은 건축에 있어 일정한 건축적 규범이 존재하여 하나의 모듈이 확인되는 관영건축이나 종교건축과 다르게 그 지 역의 자연환경과 건축주의 인문환경을 반영하여 다양한 형태가 확인된다. 이러한 민가건축 중에 구례 운조루고택은 초기의 배치가 그려진 것으로 추정되는 ‘전라구례오미동가도’와 창건주인 유이 주 사망 이후 재산을 나누는 분재기인 ‘장자구처기’ 뿐만 아닌 다양한 기록을 통해 그 변천이 명확하게 확인되어 그 역사적 가치를 가진다. 하지만 현재 구례 운조루에 관한 건축적 연구의 대부분은 풍수지리적 관점에서 분석이나, 전체적인 건물의 배치형태에 관한 연구가 대부분이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대표적인 민가건축인 구례 운조루 고택의 안채를 살펴보고 안채에서 확인되 는 건축기술사적 특징에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.

Imcheong-gak[臨淸閣] was a familial residence constructed in the early half of the Joseon dynasty period. It was partially destroyed by a fire during the 1590s war[壬辰倭亂] with the Japanese, and another fire that was caused between 1631 and 1634. The inner chamber[An-chae] and the Sarang section[Sarang-chae] today is the result of a partial reconstruction that took place back in 1626 and again around 1634. The residence also went through some changes because the new Ondol[溫突] heating system had to be applied to the structure. Based upon sections that remain in their original forms, we can presume that the Imcheong-gak residence originally had an inner chamber which was composed of the following elements: A main structure which was built upon a foundation featuring a Matbae[맞배] roof, two “Ik’rang[翼廊, flank]” sections on the East and West sides of the inner chamber, and a “Haeng’rang[行廊, passage]” structure on the opposite side of the main structure. Unlike the main structure, other portions of the inner chamber were all built directly upon the ground, and showed multiple stories, with Matbae roofs of their own. We can also assume that the Sarang section in the south would have been a pre-Ondol[溫突] bedroom, with a Board platform[板房] and a Gomi-ceiling[Gomi-banza] fashion.

The purpose of this study is to prove the correlations among various factors what determined to formation of front elevation proportion system through making an actual survey and investigating. According to the analysis of them, we make conclusions as follows; 1, On the assumption that average distance of 1Kan(間) is 1, the height of foundation is 0.21, the height of floor from foundation is 0.24, the height of normal column from floor is 0.85, the height of eaves from foundation is 1.10. 2. Southeast faced buildings are wider than southwest faced buildings in the distance of 1Kan (間) in the range of $110{sim}220mm$. The height of foundation and floor in the southeast faced buildings are higher than those in southwest faced buildings beside the height of normal column, eaves, high column in the southwest faced buildings are higher than those in southeast faced buildings. 3. As number of front Kan(間) increases, the distance of 1Kan(間) decrease and the height of eaves and high column(高柱) increases. This is cause of making a maximum needed inner space by increasing the distance of 1Kan(間). This is an wisdom for living from ancestors. 4. As number of Dori(道里) increases, the distances of 1Kan are nearly same but the height of eaves and high column(高柱) increases about 300mm, This is a natural result from an increasing of building scale. 5. The distance of 1Kan(間) in later 19C building is most wide but, the unit heights are minimal average values at year 1900 as a reference mark. After this, the height of normal column, eaves, high column are higher about $170{sim}330mm$. 6. The number of Kan in front elevation, Dori(道里), and direction of building have correlations each other in proportion system of traditional housing An-Chae with significant level, p<0.05.