Invasive alien plants were identified and recorded in Ulsan city based on field surveys and related literatures. These plants consisted of 147 taxa in total, belonging to 30 families, 93 genera, 144 species, 2 subspecies and 1 variant. The family of Asteraceae was predominant with 42 taxa, followed by Gramineae with 27 taxa and Leguminosae with 15 taxa. According to the result of life-form based distribution analysis revealed that 62 taxa (42.2%) were annual plants, 48 taxa (33.6%) were perennial plants, 34 taxa (23.1%) were biennial plants, and 3 taxa (2%) were woody perennials. Compare to other administrative districts in Korea, prevalence of invasive alien plants in a certain city of Ulsan showed the seventh highest species number followed after Jeju, Gyeonggi, Jeonnam, Incheon, Seoul and Gangwon. On the basis of the results from the country origin analysis, two dominating taxa were introduced from Europe and America, 55 taxa and 51 taxa respectively. The spreading grade of alien plants was elucidated in order of 1 grade (PS) 67 grade (21.1%)>2 grade (MS) 31 taxa (21.1%) >5 grade (WS) 18 taxa (11.6%)>3 grade (CS) 17 taxa (11.6%)>4 grade (SS) 14 taxa (9.5%). Ulsan city is one of a pivotal conduit for the introduction of invasive alien plants. Thereby, reliable management plans are required to monitor these species.

Since climate change increases the risk of extreme rainfall events, concerns on flood management have also increased. In order to rapidly recover from flood damages and prevent secondary damages, fast collection and treatment of flood debris are necessary. Therefore, a quick and precise estimation of flood debris generation is a crucial procedure in disaster management. Despite the importance of debris estimation, methodologies have not been well established. Given the intrinsic heterogeneity of flood debris from local conditions, a regional-scale model can increase the accuracy of the estimation. The objectives of this study are 1) to identify significant damage variables to predict the flood debris generation, 2) to ascertain the difference in the coefficients, and 3) to evaluate the accuracy of the debris estimation model. The scope of this work is flood events in Ulsan city region during 2008-2016. According to the correlation test and multicollinearity test, the number of damaged buildings, area of damaged cropland, and length of damaged roads were derived as significant parameters. Key parameters seems to be strongly dependent on regional conditions and not only selected parameters but also coefficients in this study were different from those in previous studies. The debris estimation in this study has better accuracy than previous models in nationwide scale. It can be said that the development of a regional-scale flood debris estimation model will enhance the accuracy of the prediction.

Manufacturing and technology industries produce large amounts of air pollutants. Ulsan Metropolitan City, South Korea, is well-known for its large industrial complexes; in particular, the concentration of SO2 here is the highest in the country. We assessed SO2 monitoring sites based on conditional and joint entropy, because this is a common method for determining an optimal air monitoring network. Monthly SO2 concentrations from 12 air monitoring sites were collected, and the distribution of spatial locations was determined by kriging. Mean absolute error, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), bias and correlation coefficients were employed to evaluate the considered algorithms. An optimal air monitoring network for Ulsan was suggested based on the improvement of RMSE.

This study was conducted to provide the basic information for effective conservation and management of coastal forest by analysis the vascular plant in Daewangam park. The vascular plant in Daewangam park was 204 taxa, 73 families, 156 genera, 183 species, 2 subspecies, 4 forma, and 15 varieta. Among them, seashore plants accounted for 6.4% of total plants and they were 13 taxa such as Andropogon ischaemum and Tetragonia tetragonoides, and the Pteridophyte index (Pte-Q) was 0.49. The plants of Compositae, Rosaceae, Graminea, Leguminosae, and Liliaceae showed high distribution. Korean endemic species were 3 taxa such Campanula takesimana, Aster koraiensis and Forsythia koreana. Three rare species of Campanula takesimana, Magnolia kobus and Glehnia littoralis listed as rare plants by the Korea National Arboretum were found in Daewangam park. Naturalized plants were identified 18 taxa including Cerastium glomeratum, Bidens frondosa, and so on, and Naturalization index was 8.8%. The specific species of I～V grades by phytogeography were 28 taxa including Campanula takesimana, Magnolia kobus, Rubus ribisoideus, and so on.

The high surface area polymer, AquaMatsⓇ was used for the leachate purification process originated from the Samsan Dong Landfill in Ulsan Metropolitan City. And then, three species of dominant microbes were isolated and identified from AquaMatsⓇ. Gram staining revealed these microbes to be Gram-negative rod strains: They were identified as Agrobacterium radiobacter, Pseudomonas cepacia, Flavobacterium indologenes. All they showed no growth on media in which the leachate was added alone, but a rapid proliferation rate on media with yeast extract as nutrient requirements.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the physical, chemical, and structural characteristics of the stream, especially Mugeo and Yeochon which are being changed to ecological stream by Ulsan city, and to acquire the considerations such as the planning element and plan criteria of the streams for making ecological stream system. Water quality, water quantity, vegetation, instream structures and facilities, and land usage of the streams were investigated and the build up capabilities of ecological stream for the two streams were also analyzed. Planning elements for restoration to ecological stream included physical and biological purification methods in water quality, short term water acquire alternatives in water quantity, and vegetation recovery plan and improvement of habitation environment in ecological system, respectively. Planing elements in physical structures and facilities also included recovery of concrete levee and removal and recovery of covered channel.