목적 : 본 연구는 작업치료사가 참여한 커뮤니티 케어 프로그램이 지역사회 거주 노인의 일상생활활동, 낙상 및 우울에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써 정책 수립에 도움이 될 수 있는 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 지역사회에 거주하고 있는 노인 26명을 대상으로 하였고, 커뮤니티 케어 프로그램은 전문가 집단의 회의를 통해 의견 수렴 후 복합적으로 제공하였다. 평가 도구는 가정 내 일상생활활동 평 가(Assessment of Home-based Activities; AHA), 한국어판 낙상 효능 척도(Korean version of Fall Efficacy Scale; K-FES), 한국형 노인우울척도(Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale; GDS-KR)를 사용하였으며, 면담과 초기평가를 실시한 다음 주 1-2회(1회 60분), 총 6회기 동안 프로그램을 진행하였다. 프로그램 종료 후 재평가와 함께 만족도, 효과성을 묻는 설문을 실시하였다. 결과 : 커뮤니티 케어 프로그램 전과 후의 일상생활활동, 낙상효능감 및 우울 평가 점수 모두 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < .05). 프로그램 전보다 후에 일상생활활동(독립성, 어려움, 안전성)과 낙 상효능감은 향상, 우울은 감소를 보였다. 또한, 프로그램 후 만족도와 효과성은 모든 문항에서 보통 이상의 수준으로 대답하였다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과 작업치료사가 참여한 커뮤니티 케어 프로그램이 지역사회 거주 노인의 일상생활활동, 낙상효능감 및 우울에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 향후에는 다른 변수에 미치는 영향의 연구가 진행되기를 바라며, 본 연구의 결과가 커뮤니티 케어 관련 정책 수립 시 사용할 수 있는 기초자 료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

To analyze main factors of size planning of community facilities that were created as part of development of a rural area, the present condition of factors deciding size of community facilities was analyzed, factors that influence size planning by the type of community facility were drawn with Delphi anaysis. The results of analyzing the present condition of size planning factors of community facilities show that facilities have been generally planned as multi-purpose and multi-functional facilities. And on the basis of the purpose of facilities, their functions and organization, and their operation programs, facilities are classified into community-centered, agritourism-centered, and combined ones. Using Delphi analysis, major factors that could affect size planning of community facilities were drawn on 26 community-centered, 28 agritourism-centered, and 30 combined. And the factors tended not to be applied well for size planning of community facilities.

This study aims at providing the basic information required for policies on return to countryside for farming or else, through analysing the actual state of settlement and the community of people returning to rural areas. The comparative analysis of people returning toward general village and sub-urban residential complex in rural has been done to figure out the settlement environment. And the status analysis targeting the people returning to rural areas and original residents who live in general village have been done to figure out the actual state of the community. As a result, people returning toward sub-urban residential complex in rural moved for something else, while people returning toward general village in rural moved with the purpose of farming. Like this, the aims of moving into rural areas show difference. There is little conflict between people returning to rural areas and original residents, but some people have an intention to move the other place due to the conflict with original residents. So the community revitalization is needed for the active responses and suitable adaptation of them. On the basis of this study, policy tasks for return to countryside for farming or else were suggested as follows; 1) It is necessary to formulate each policy on return for farming and something else to rural areas discriminatively. 2) The economic support for a stable settlement of people returning to rural areas and the programs activating community with original residents are required. The discussion about the new community formation is needed to respond to the increase of people returning to rural areas.

This study ultimately aims at suggesting the improvements for community development policy in Korea. In order to do so, this carried out field surveys for two rural villages and tried to find out the current institutional situation of rural villages. Reviewing conceptual debates on rural, village, community and organisation theory, it sets up a typology of four groups as follows: voluntary expressive group, involuntary expressive group, voluntary instrumental group, and involuntary instrumental group. Based on this typology, this study conducted field surveys for two rural villages; Pyeongchon-Ri in Chungnam and Noolmi-Ri in Kyoungbuk. From the analysis on the field surveys, it finds some features on Korean rural groups. First, the residents in rural villages have very strong identity for their living areas. Second, the number of rural groups are tend to decrease recently. Third, the actions of instrumental groups are determined by the organisations operating nearby. Fourth, the function of groups within rural villages only carry out some village festivals, but other friendly relationship among rural residents are expanded out to wider areas called Myeon. As a result, this study suggests that we should recognize the diversity in rural communities in Korea and deals with them in different ways of public policies.

Less Favored Area(LFA) is a newly shaped regional concept and just appearing as a new community design target, where the topogeographical, industry-locational condition and the daily living environment have been outstandingly inferior to any other regions. Community Design(CD) principles that cover a spatial order of settlements are introduced in this study when the CD concept is applied to the LFA. The study puts a great stress on the horizontal and vertical order of communal spatial units and living activities oriented to residents'socio-economic activities, on which a CD district and an inner spatial organization of community is based. Therefore the various relationships between residents' activities and particular places, such as that between agricultural production and land, access to living services and community-outer settlements, is analysed through the field study. The emphatic point is that the spatial unit and organization of community, namely settlement order is casted not only by the horizontal coverage but also by the vertical hierarchy forming a cubic-like spatial order. Applying the CD idea to LFA has limit because the CD has been oriented on urban architectural style and community participation process. Nevertheless, that has a new possibility to understand the fundamental and archetypical change of a spatial pattern of community uncovering the accumulated layer of settlement order especially in the drastically changed mountain community from past to now.