This study was carried out to select economical byproduct composts as the substitute for the traditionalorganic fertilizer, Yacto, in the cultivation of ginseng seedlings, and to investigate the application method of a selected com-post. Among tested byproduct composts, popped rice hull compost was the best substitute for Yacto, while the application ofdomestic animal manure composts resulted in red skinned roots of ginseng seedlings. Optimal mixing ratio of the poppedrice hull compost with virgin soil (fine sand) were 3~4:1 in bulk, showing the same root yield compared to that of conven-tional seedbed soil. When the popped rice hull compost was lower than 1±0.1% in nitrogen content, the expeller cake of oilseed was added to seedbed soil to rise nitrogen content until 1±0.1%.