Recently, the construction of tall buildings utilized by high strength-concrete in the whole world is tending to be on the rise. The application of high-rise structural system in buildings results in the excellent cut-down effect in construction materials due to section reduction. Therefore, in order to investigate the CO2 and resource reduction effect for the high-rise structural system, comparisons of GWP and ADP in embodied energy of structural materlais between 4 type of high-rise structural system have been performed. As a result, GWP emission increased in the order of steel structure outrigger system, RC shear wall system, and RC outrigger system. On the other hand, ADP emissions increased in the order of RC shear wall system, RC outrigger system, and steel structure outrigger system.

국제연합식량농업기구(FAO)는 2050년, 전 세계 인구 수가 약 90억에 이를 것으로 예측하였다. 이와 같은 인구 증가는 여러 식량 및 환경 문제들을 야기할 수 있다. 또한 식량 및 에너지원 생산과정에서 자연계에 과잉으로 배출되는 질소, 인은 토양 산성화 및 부영양화 등의 환경문제를 유발할 수 있다. 이에 대한 해결책으로 FAO에서는 ‘곤충’을 자원(식･약품, 사료, 비료 등)으로 활용하는 것을 제시하였다. 현재 국내 연구는 곤충의 이용가능성 여부 및 활용기술개발 위주의 연구에 치중되어있어 곤충활용에 따른 환경성 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내에서 식용곤충으로 인정받은 곤충 6종 중 갈색거저리와 벼메뚜기를 선정하여 곤충의 활용방안에 따른 환경성 평가를 진행하였다. 갈색거저리는 최근 식량자원으로써 각광받고 있는 종이며 번데기까지 사용할 수 있는 완전변태 곤충이다. 벼메뚜기는 예로부터 식품으로 이용된 친숙한 종이며 대표적인 불완전변태 곤충이다. 본 연구의 목적은 곤충 분류(번데기의 유무)에 따른 활용방안의 환경성을 비교･평가하고 이를 기존 단백질원과 비교하는 것이다. 갈색거저리와 벼메뚜기의 환경성 평가는 질소, 인 흐름분석 및 전과정평가를 사용하였다. 이는 인간이 곤충을 단백질원으로 섭취하였을 경우와 곤충 사료로 키운 가축을 섭취하였을 경우로 나누어 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 물질흐름의 각 단계를 비료, 작물, 곤충, 가축, 사람으로 나누어 유입, 유출되는 질소와 인의 양을 산정하고 이에 따른 질소, 인 이용효율을 산정하였다. 또한 갈색거저리와 벼메뚜기 사육 시 발생하는 온실가스 량을 기존의 단백질원 생산과 비교 하였다.연구 결과 갈색거저리가 기존 단백질원인 한우와 벼메뚜기보다 질소, 인이용효율이 높았으며 온실가스 발생량이 적었다. 또한 갈색거저리는 번데기까지 사료로써 이용이 가능하기 때문에 활용범위가 넓을 것이라 생각한다.

Industrial symbiosis (IS) activities within an industrial complex can enhance environmental and economic efficiencies. This study proposed a simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology as an effective tool with which to evaluate the reduction of environmental impact of IS activities. In this method, the variation of resources and energy consumptions before and after IS activities are proposed to simply evaluate its lifecycle environmental impacts. The simplified LCA was applied to an IS case between an industrial waste incineration plant and a steam production plant of a paper mill firm in the metropolitan city Ulsan. The system boundary and inventory were set for this IS, and an environmental impact assessment was carried out by standard and proposed LCA methods. The results showed that the environmental impacts after IS decreased in all impact categories with regard to the consumption reduction of boiler fuel used at the paper mill. Furthermore, the performance of environmental improvement activities such as IS can be simply evaluated by only considering the input and output changes in the environmental improvement activities. In this IS case study, the environmental impact was decreased by 11.7% (weighted impact base). This was due to the utilization of waste heat generated from an incineration plant in the process of the paper mill firm.

Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of glass bottle recycle. The LCA consists of four stages such as Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment(LCIA), and Interpretation. The LCI analysis showed that the major input materials were water, materials, sand, and crude oil, whereas the major output ones were wastewater, CO2, and non-hazardous wastes. The LCIA was conducted for the six impact categories including 'Abiotic Resource Depletion', 'Acidification', 'Eutrophication', 'Global Warming', 'Ozone Depletion', and 'Photochemical Oxidant Creation'. As for Abiotic Resource Depletion, Acidification, and Photochemical Oxidant Creation, Bunker fuel oil C and LNG were major effects. As for Eutrophication, electricity and Bunker fuel oil C were major effects. As for Global Warming, electricity and LNG were major effects. As for Ozone Depletion, plate glasses were major effects. Among the six categories, the biggest impact potential was found to be Global Warming as 97% of total, but the rest could be negligible.

In this study, life cycle assesment (LCA) was conducted based on a functional unit of 1 ton of food waste recycling from collection and transportation to treatment processes such as feed production, composting, other recycling and incineration for 45 public food waste recycling plants. The Korean life cycle inventory (LCI) data were used for the main input material and energy. For the other input data, which could not be provided by the Korean LCI database, data of other countries were used from the database by Ecoinvent, and the strength of food wastewater for LCI DB was divided low and high concentration. In case of low strength of food wastewater, environmental impacts were suggested incineration, composting and feed production in the order, where collection and transportation were identified as the major influencing factors by contribution analysis and sensitive analysis. Contrary, in case of high strength of food wastewater, environmental impacts were suggested composting, feed production and incineration in the order, where treatment of food wastewater was identified as the major influencing factor. Therefore, discharge volume as well as concentration of food wastewater was found to be important parameter of the LCA.

In this study, Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of a metallic can. A 360 mL volume of an aluminum can bottle was used as the functional unit. The results of Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) showed that iron ore and coal were the major parts of the input materials, whereas aluminum can products, carbon dioxide, wastewater, and hazardous wastes were those of the output ones. According to LCA weighting, it was observed that the most significant impact potential was found to be global warming(49.11%) followed by abiotic resource depletion(47.72%). In the whole system, cold rolled steel coil showed the largest environmental impact potential(86%), followed by electricity(14%). Meanwhile, lubricating oil and industrial water had the minor portion of the total environmental impact potentials. It was suggested that the use of cold rolled steel and electricity should be the main source for CO2, resulting in the big impact on global warming.