본 연구는 17-18세기 여자수도원의 음악이 시대의 음악 양식 변화에 활발히 발맞추는 가운데 남부 독일과 오스트리아의 여자수도원에서 어떠한 음악교육이 이루어졌는지 논구하며 다음의 결 론에 이른다. 그때, 그곳들의 음악교육 내용은 다양하고 과감하며 체계적이었던 것으로 보인다. 수 녀들 삶의 중심이 성무일도와 수도원 미사 등의 전례였기에 라틴어 전례 성가 교육이 가장 중요 하게 다루어지면서 기초 음악이론 학습, 가창 실습이 이루어졌고, 테너와 베이스가 편성되어 있는 4성의 다성 음악까지 아우르는 가창법이 익혀졌다. 아울러 ‘남성 악기’로 간주된 오르간, 바이올린, 첼로, 트럼펫, 트럼본, 팀파니 등을 연주해 내는 훈련이 행해졌고, 그 훈련의 수준은 마침내 전문 성까지 띠었다. 전례의 오르간 기능, 온전한 오케스트라 편성을 능히 감당해 낼 수 있는 연주 교 육이 이루어진 것이다. 통상 여성에게 작곡은 가능하지 않은 것으로 여겨졌지만 특출한 재능을 지 닌 수련수녀들은 진지한 작곡 교육을 받았을 수 있다.

This study examines <the gender discrimination against the female musician in the music history>. Many people had believed that women does not have musical talent pointing out the fact that all great musicians were men. The reason might not be what many people think. Musical history tells us that women musician having musical talent hardly had chance to develop and show it. Patriarchism prevailing the society had worked also in musical fields, sometimes more intensively. Patriarchal ideology and social system based on it demand that active, productive, resonable, creative, scientistic, technical characters be reserved to man. In that system, women take only passive, reproductive role. The long music history shows that female musicians had been permitted musical activities on the condition that their musical activities encourage the femininity. For example, women were totally excluded in the field of composition, which is considered as creative domain, and the situation was not different in the instrumental performance requiring high technical expertise. Women musicians were free, or encouraged to play key-board music or harps for that they had to take a female posture during the performance. Even in that case, they were allowed to play in the home, not in public. Exceptionally women vocalists were allowed to sing in public from the beginning of music history. This can be explained by the fact that they were needed for their role restricted often to a prostitute image using body to seduce men. This gender discrimination in the musical production and performance had given strong impact on musical education. In a sense, it is reproduced in a exactly similar way in the field of music education. Women had been prohibited from taking musical lesson to become a music professionals. They were only allowed to be trained by means of cultivating their general culture. Under this context, musical education was considered as symbol of wealth. The critical examination of the musical history shows clearly that the gender discrimination in music filed is not separated from the paternalistic ideology and many sex-based prohibitions on the societal level. It demonstrates also that the sexual discrimination was reproduced and strengthened in music field. The reason why there were no great female musicians, therefore, have to be searched not in the lack of musical talent of women but in the socially constructed constraints, the patriarchal system.