빠르게 변화하는 해외 시장 환경 및 소비자 니즈의 변화에 발맞춰, 기업의 혁신 전략의 중요성이 강조되고 있음에도 불구하고, 경쟁전략과 신제품개발속의 관계에 관한 연구가 많이 이루어지지 않 은 실정이다. 특히, 대기업에 비해 유무형 자원의 부족에 한계를 가지고 있는 중소기업에게 있어, 해외 시장 환경의 변화에 대처하는 경쟁전략의 선택은 중요한 의사결정 요소이며, 이러한 경쟁전략 은 신제품개발속도에 영향을 미치는 주요한 전략적 요인으로 작용한다. 이에 본 연구는, 차별화전 략과 비용우위전략이 신제품개발속도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 시장역동성이 이러한 관계에 어 떠한 조절효과를 미치는지 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 한국 중소수출업체를 대상으로 설문을 진행 하였으며, 차별화전략과 비용우위전략이 신제품개발속도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였 다. 나아가, 시장역동성이 높을수록, 차별화전략이 신제품개발속도에 미치는 긍정적인 영향은 커지 지만, 비용우위전략이 신제품개발속도에 미치는 긍정적인 영향은 약해지는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연 구는, 경쟁전략이 신제품개발속도에 미치는 영향을 제안하고 검증하였으며, 시장이 빠르게 변화할 경우, 경쟁전략의 긍정적인 효과가 달라질 수 있음을 확인하였다는 점에서 학문적 및 실무적 시사 점이 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The nature of NPD is conducive to SMEs improvising at all stages of the process. This has the potential to create new knowledge, which, if retained and harnessed, can then be applied at higher strategic levels within the firm. This paper examines this phenomenon, through a preliminary qualitative study.

The purpose of this research was to test the effects of entrepreneurship and technological innovation capability on new product performance in SMEs and the moderating role of absorption capability. For this study, Research data were collected through questionnaire instruments from the sample of 374 employees in 18 SMEs of metropolitan area. The 336 sample was selected and analyzed by hierarchical regression technique. The results showed that entrepreneurship and technological innovation capability had a positive effect on new product performance. And also found out absorption capability had the moderate roles between all the three factors of technological innovation capability factors and new product performance, but not between all the three factors of entrepreneurship and new product performance. With the research results, the implications for technical management of SMEs were discussed, and the directions for future research were suggested.

Advancements in communication, manufacturing, economic environments and consumer preferences have created new opportunities for small firm internationalisation on a global scale. Within the creative industries, fashion design entrepreneurs operate within the small and medium enterprise sector on an international level developing extraordinarily influential connections with fabric and materials suppliers, manufacturers, sales and PR agent, trade fairs and retailers throughout the globe (Centre for Fashion Enterprise 2008). Entrepreneurial design firms are increasingly identified as key sectors for economic growth regardless of their need for promotion and support to achieve sustainability, amplifying the focus on generating emerging talent within the fashion industry (British Fashion Council 2012; Centre for Fashion Enterprise 2008). Highlighted within the media through the development of support programs such as the Council of Fashion Designers of America Vogue Fashion Fund and the British Fashion Council’s Vogue Designer Fashion Fund, among others, independent fashion apparel design firms often operate within the luxury, contemporary and bridge designer product categories, producing conceptual pieces for editorial placement as well as commercially desirable and wearable garments. In the earliest stages of development these companies experience considerable marketing expenses and higher manufacturing costs out of proportion to initial turnover, requiring the designer to seek out support initiatives, high street licensing partnerships and freelance design collaboration opportunities that are usually outgrown within a few seasons, illustrating the need for these firms to quickly establish self-sufficient viability as a brand within the marketplace (Centre for Fashion Enterprise 2008). While these companies can be described as ‘born global’ (Knight & Cavusgil 2004), few studies have attempted to illustrate the strategies by which fashion design firms achieve international success in spite of their limited resources. Within marketing literature, brand development is increasingly identified as imperative for the long-term economic sustainability of the firm. While previously thought only to operate within the realm of marketing, the creation of brand values are now understood to be built through communication activities only to a limited degree. Indeed, communication efforts act only as a supportive activity; understanding of brand development now encompasses its significance to overall firm culture, structure and essence through the action and interaction of product development, management and communications strategies that permeate the entirety of the firm internally and radiate externally (de Chernatony 2001). Recent literature recognises the brand’s co-creation within the marketplace and the influence of consumers of brand identity (Salzer-Mörling & Strannegård 2004; Power & Hauge 2008). Despite this, entrepreneurial fashion designers may not even 'brand' their firms according to established methods delineated via the marketing industry. This research examines the practice of entrepreneurial womenswear design firms based in London and New York to identify and understand the branding and internationalisation strategies adopted and created by these firms. Using an exploratory and qualitative approach to the research phenomenon, this investigation uses grounded theory as the methodological framework to examine the contemporary context in which design firms operate within the currently existing globally competitive marketplace. Using theoretical sampling to direct data gathering, this research incorporates the use of semi-structured in-depth interviews with womenswear designer fashion enterprises and their support network of PR agents, showroom managers, sales agents and photographers to examine the strategic growth and development of SME design brands. Additionally observation at New York, London & Paris fashion weeks and discourse analysis of websites, social media and press is used for the triangulation and verification of emerging concepts within the data. This paper presents the collective emerging strategies that London and New York based womenswear SME fashion design firms employ to develop product, integrate into the fashion industry and connect with consumers globally. Within the context of grounded theory's constant comparative analysis, this paper will present the evolution of understanding gained during the research investigation. This analysis is the collection and comparison of codes and categories that creates the foundational conceptual framework for the emerging theoretical model of how entrepreneurial fashion designers define and create their brand identity throughout processes of development, growth and internationalisation. The purpose of this paper is to present and examine the strategies of London and New York’s independent entrepreneurial womenswear design firms revealed through the concepts, categories and insights examined during data gathering and analysis. The research aims is to provide insight regarding the current brand and management methods implemented by entrepreneurial designers, enhancing and informing marketing and design literature. Researching international fashion branding of emerging designers creates understanding of these entrepreneurs who operate as born global fashion firms. By exploring how fashion designers define success for their company, create and translate their brand essence into messaging, and utilise communication activities in growth efforts, this research creates understanding of these entrepreneurs who operate within the gap between new talent and economically sustainable and established businesses.

본 연구의 목적은 신기술을 바탕으로 급속히 성장한 신재생에너지 분야 기업의 재정적 어려움을 계량적으로 파악하고 부도위험과 지속가능성을 예측하는 것이다. 태양광 및 풍력기업으로 대표되는 신재생에너지산업은 신생기업이 많은 분야이며, 또한 한국의 현실상 중소기업이 많은 영역이라 start-up기업, 중소기업의 연구란 관점에서도 의의가 있다. 기업의 부도가능성 측정에 관한 연구는 재무비율을 이용한 초기모형 구축을 통한 분석, 기업의 지배구조 분석을 통한 모형분석, 위험과 생존요인을 이용한 분석 등이 주를 이룬다. 본 연구의 분석방법으로 많은 국가에서 이용되고 있는 ‘Altman Z-score’를 채택하였다. 분석 표본은 한국의 태양광과 풍력분야 상장기업 121개 이며, KIS-VALUE Data를 중심으로 수집, 분석하였다. 분석 대상기간은 2006년부터 2011년이다. 알트만 스코어로 분석한 결과, 태양광과 풍력기업 중에서 ‘경계 태세(on-alert)’로 분류되어 부도위험에 크게 노출된 기업은 38%,’예의주시(watch)’가 필요한 기업은 38%로, 합하여 76%가 지속가능성에 의문을 받는 기업으로 측정되었다. 신생기업의 경우 순수한 중소기업이 대기업군에 속한 기업보다 지속가능성이 낮았다. 기업규모가 대체적으로 큰 풍력분야 기업과 규모가 작은 태양광분야 기업의 부도위험을 비교한 결과, 풍력기업군의 부도위험이 다소 높게 나타났으나 유의적이지는 않았다. 결과적으로 Altman Z-score의 유용성이 한국의 신재생에너지 산업군 분석에도 검증되었다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 신성장산업인 태양광, 풍력기업의 상당수가 부도위험에 직면하였다는 것을 실증적으로 보여준 점에 의의가 있다. 또한 신생 start-up 기업의 연구, 중소기업과 대기업군 기업과의 비교연구를 진전시켰다는 점에 의미가 있다.

Purpose This study first explores – the possible dynamic relationship between ownership structure and firm performance using a panel of 4,900 Chinese-listed small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from 1999 to 2012. Research design, data, and methodology – We address this issue through a dynamic panel model using a method of moments (GMM) technique and dynamic simultaneous equations to alleviate the potential endogenous problem: unobserved heterogeneity, simultaneity, and dynamic endogeneity. Results – Under the framework of dynamic endogeneity, firm performance has a significantly positive influence on ownership, but not vice versa. Ownership and performance can be explained by their owned lagged values, respectively. Moreover, intertemporal endogeneity exists among ownership, investment, and performance through the application of system dynamic equations, which implies that the relationship among ownership structure, investment, and firm performance is dynamic by nature. Conclusions – This study also significantly contributes to a better understanding of dynamic corporate governance by providing further empirical evidence from the largest capital market in the Asian region.