Roots of the March First Movement as Non-violent, Ordinary People’s Search for Justice The March First Movement of 1919 in Korea, widely accepted as a new type of movement based on the nonviolence and engagement of ordinary people, has attracted many scholars to study its historical character. Yet, there are few studies on the roots of the Movement spirit. This paper introduces a unique approach, offered by Moon-Young Lee. Lee traced the roots of the Movement in four moments in a Korean history: first, ideals of ancient Koreans; Pungryu-do in Silla dynasty; Donghak and Christian movement at the end of Joseon dynasty. Lee examined the character of the agent, goal to be achieved and the means to achieve the goal in each of four moments. Comparing the four, Lee found out that there are continuity and evolution in the four moments, which explain the extraordinary feat by ordinary people in the non-violent peaceful demand of independence.

손창섭 소설은 장애인물이 특징적으로 많이 등장하며 그러한 점에서 그의 소 설은 ‘병리적,’ ‘병적,’ ‘장애소설’로 지칭되었다. 기존의 논의들은 장애를 반사 회, 비도덕, 불건강한 것으로 규정하고 그것을 작가 개인의 전기나 전후라는 사 회적 알레고리로 해명하고 있다. 따라서 장애를 통해 말하고자 의미에 대해서는 면밀하게 분석되지 않았는데 이 글은 장애 인물의 시각에서 손창섭 소설을 살 펴보았다. 손창섭 소설은 ‘같은 인간’의 시각에서 주류 사회의 가치를 추종하는 인물을 불건강한 인물로 배치함으로써 ‘건강’과 ‘건전’의 신화를 전복한다. 미결 정의 시각에서 양자의 경계를 무화시킴으로써 자본주의적 근대의 속물성을 공 격하고 있다. 또한 언어와 시선이 구성하는 폭력성을 간파하며 하위 배치된 영 역에 대한 공감과 소통을 요구하고 있다. 제도권 언어가 자기중심적 이기성과 폭력성에 물들어 있음을 비판하며 불구/신체를 가진 장애 인물들의 신음과 목소 리를 적극 복원하고 있는 것이다. 이를 통해 손창섭 소설은 장애를 통해 중심 권력과 지배 담론의 폭력성을 고발하고 주변화 된 존재에 대한 공감을 촉구하 는 타자의 윤리를 담지하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

Non-violence administration (NVA) is in search of a more civilized island governance rather than following the model of Britian or Japan: NVA assumes a model of Asian democracy by a true human to contribute to peace island policy in Asia Pacific context. First, a model of Asian democracy which was created from a group of ordinary Korean citizens who had been participating in the Sam-Il-Movements demonstration under Japanese Military colony in 1919 is suggested. On March 1, 1976, it was impressive that 11 leaders proclaimed Korean democracy came from Sam-Il-Sa-Sang at Myungdong Catholic Church at the heart of Seoul. Second, he highly appraised the decision of the Korean government to designate Jeju Island as a World Peace Island on January 27, 2005. Though it is small, the island was expected to play a peaceful role between two Koreas and in the Asia Pacific context. Third, the Jeju people try to pursue an “environmentally peaceful island” for their future in the Asia Pacific such as a neutralized peace island model of Costa Rica in the Central American context (1949). Fourth, Jeju Island needs to make an international treaty, a so-called “World Peace Island Treaty for 6 Talks Countries” to guarantee its more neutralized role for Asian Pacific Peace in the same function as that of the Demilitarized Zone between the two Koreas as the result of a cease-fire agreement of Korean War such as through a new framework of the United Three States of Korea UTSK (South Korea, North Korea and Jeju Island Korea).