고추의 뿌리에 서식하고 있는 근권미생물을 30여종 분리하여 고추 검은 곰팡이병원균 A. alteranta에 길항하는 미생물을 분리한 결과 분리주 No. J-24 균주가 가장 길항력이 우수하였으며 Bacillus subtilis로 동정되었다. B. subtilis J-24는 검은곰팡이병균(Alternaria alternata)에 대해서는 생육저지 효과가 99%로 나타났으며, 그외 갯빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea), 역병균(Phytophthora capsici), 잘록병균(Pythium ultimum), 탄저병균(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), 겹무늬병균(Stemphylium botryosum)에도 생육저지효과를 강하게 나타내었다. 고추 유묘의 생장활력은 미생물제제가 첨가된 상토가 일반 상토 보다 엽면적이 15%, 줄기길이가 12%, 뿌리길이가 12% 증가하였고 전체 건물중이 약 13% 증가하여 고추유묘의 생장활력이 증가되었다.

참외 금싸라기은천을 신토좌 대목에 호접하여 저온기 참외 시설재배시 지중가온의 효과를 구명하고자, 비닐 하우스내에 온수보일러를 설치하여 지하 35cm 부위에 15mm 엑셀파이프를 180cm 이랑에 2열 매설한 후, 지하 20cm의 최저 지온을 17℃, 21℃ 및 25℃로 설정하고 1월 18일부터 4월 18일까지 일정하게 유지 관리하여 무가온구와 비교 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지중가온에 의한 정식 후 1개월간의 지중 20cm 부위의 적산온도는 무가온구가 441℃, 17℃구는 558℃, 21℃구는 648℃ 그리고 25℃구는 735℃였다. 2. 지중가온에 따른 터널내 보온효과는 지온이 높을수록 높았는데 2월 5일 무가온구의 터널내 야간 최저 기온은 9.5℃인데 비하여 17℃구에서는 11.0℃, 21℃구에서는 13.5℃ 그리고 25℃구에서는 16.5℃였다. 3. 정식 30일까지의 초기생육은 지온이 높을수록 초장, 경경, 엽수 및 엽면적이 증가하였으며 특히 고지온구에서 엽면적의 증가가 뚜렷하였다. 정식 30일 후 무가온구의 엽면적 279.5 cm2에 비하여 17℃구에서는 153.4%, 21℃구에서는 745.6a 그리고 25℃구에서는 879.4% 정도 증가하였다. 4. 정식 30일 후 지제부를 절단하여 24시간 동안 채취한 목부일비액량은 무가온구의 8.1ml에 비해 17℃구에서는 1.2배, 21℃구에서는 1.3배 그리고 25℃구에서는 4.8배 많았으나 정식 67일 후에는 무가온구의 10.4ml에 비해 각각 1.1배, 3.2배 및 3.3배 많았다.

Background : The continuous cropping of Cnidium officinale is a serious problem for the cultivation practices, which is an unelucidated subject. This study is concerned mainly with rhizosphere microbiome and meteological factors on the cause of physiological damage in the continuous cropping of Cnidium officinale. Methods and Results : Microbial population and community dynamics was evaluated with metagenomic DNA by IonTorrent PGM. Results of HPLC profiling revealed that metabolic components of symbiotic interaction with Cnidium officinale was not detected in cultivated soils. Proteobacteria groups such as nitrogen fixing bacteria, Pseudomonas and Burkholderia of rhizosphere soil in continuous cropped fields mainly decreased compared to the first cropped soil. Principle component analysis of bacterial community showed a significantly differentiated vector between first cropping field and continuous cropped fields. Although growth characteristics including height, leaf length, leaf diameter amd stem diameter etc., was not different with continuous cultivation year until mid-July, physiological damage was dramatically started from late July. Yield of Rhizoma in continuous cropped fields significantly decreased compared to first cropped field. Evapotranspiration of Cnidium officinale with lysimeter for summer season was evaluated. It showed high relationship between solar radiation and evapotranspiration with R2 = 0.7778 and 41% of solar radiation converted into evapotranspiration during 16 days. This result imply that evapotranspiration is mainly controlled by radiation energy in clear days. Water and heat cycle through evapotranspiration is suppose to be one of the important factors related with physiological disorder of Cnidium officinale. Conclusion : This result imply that physiological damage resulted from continuous cropping is involved in decrease of Proteobacteria at rhizosphere soils under stressed conditions.

Environment-friendly growth enhancers for rice are being promoted to reverse the negative impact of intensive chemical-based and conventional rice farming on yield sustainability and environmental problems. Several rhizosphere microorganisms and pyroligneous acids (PA) had demonstrated beneficial influence on growth, yield and grain quality of rice. Since most of the previous study had evaluated the effect of PGPR and PA on paddy rice singly, the effect of combined application of these on the growth and yield of paddy rice and on some soil chemical properties were determined. A four factorial pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of PGPR, PA in combination with fertilizers and on different soil types. There were 54 treatment combinations including the control with three replications under complete randomized design. Plant growth parameters were evaluated using standard procedures during tillering and heading stages. Rice yield and some soil chemical properties were determined at harvest. Results showed that inoculation of Bacillus licheniformis and Fusarium fujikuroi enhanced plant growth by increasing the plant height which could be ascribe to its ability to promote IAA and GA production in plants. Inoculation of Rhizobium phaseoli enhanced chlorophyll content indicative to its ability to improve the N nutrition. However, these plant growth benefits during the vegetative stage were override by the fertilizer application effect especially during the maturity stage and grain yield. High fertilization rates on coarse-textured soil without nutrient loss resulted to high available nutrients and consequently high yield. Wood vinegar application however improved nutrient availability in soil which could be beneficial for improving soil quality. Further evaluation is necessary to fully assess the potential benefits that could be derived from inoculation of these organisms and wood vinegar application in different soil environment especially under different field conditions.

This study was performed to identify the effect of mixed bed soil on growth of aerial parts and root zone of daughter plants for nursery field strawberry seedling raising with expanded chaff. The plant height and leaf area of daughter plants were highest or largest in the mixed soil of ERH +RH (100:0, v/v), followed by ERH+RH (75:25). The higher the mixing ratio of RH, the shorter the plant height or the smaller the leaf area. A similar tendency was observed in fresh weight. Within a root diameter of 0-0.4 mm and a root height range of 0.4-0.8 mm, root surface area and volume were statistically significantly better with treatment of ERH+RH (100:0, v/v) compared to those of roots treated with ERH+RH (75:25), ERH+RH (50:50) and ERH+RH (25:75). The growth rate of aerial parts and root zone of daughter plants were noticeably lower in two mixing ratios of 50:50 and 25:75. According to the mixing ratios of ERH+CD surface treatment, the number of roots was greatest in plants treated with ERH+CD (80:20, v/v) and ERH+CD (85:15) on August 1. However, the number of roots was highest in plants treated with ERH+CD (85:15, v/v) on August 15. Root length was longest in the plant with no treatment, and drastically shortened from ERH+CD (90:10, v/v) in both surface and mixed treatment. Although root weight showed a significant difference in ERH+CD (90:10, v/v) treatment, its increase was gradual. The rate of root growth was highest in ERH+CD (85:15). These study findings suggest that the content ratios of mixed soil ERH+RH (75:25, v/v) or below and ERH+CD (85:15) are thought to be desirable for the production of high quality seedlings.

본 연구에서는 유용미생물로 알려진 광합성세균(Photosynthetic bacterium), 바실러스균(Bacillus subtilis), 유산균(Lactobacillus plantarum)을 분화용 시클라멘(Cyclamen persicum Mill. ‘Rose with Eye’)에 2주 간격으로 7회 관주 처리하여 생육 및 화색에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같았다. 생육에서는 유용미생물 처리구는 고온피해를 적게 받거나 빠르게 회복하였으며 꽃수 또한 유용미생물 처리구에서 높았다. 시클라멘의 화색도 무처리구에 비해 유용미생물 처리구의 화색이 더욱 선명한 것을 볼 수 있었다. 배양토 화학적 특성 분석 시 미생물 처리구가 무처리구와 다른 결과를 보이는 것으로 P2O5, K, Ca, Mg, Na, NO3-N 등이 시클라멘 흡수 시 미생물제 관주처리가 영향을 준 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 미생물의 종류별로 다소 다른 차이를 보였으며 농도 처리구에 따라 식물체 부위별 효과가 달라 적합한 미생물 종류와 농도를 찾는 실험이 계속되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 여러 방법으로 다양한 화훼류에도 접목할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.