-최근 들어 도심 내 강우 시 발생하는 빗물은 다양한 유형의 오염원인 비점오염원을 포함하고 있어 도심 내 건전한 물순환 및 하천과 호수의 수질악화의 주요한 원인으로 인식되고 있다. 본 디자인 논문의 목적은 과거 장치시설 중심에서 벗어나 공원이나 토지이용 등의 비구조적 관점으로의 빗물관리 패러다임 전환의 의미를 담고 있는 커뮤니티 빗물공원의 디자인 원칙을 제시하는 것이다. 디자인개념 수준으로 전개된 커뮤니티 빗물공원의 디자인 원칙은 8가지로 정리할 수 있다: (1) 도시빗물에서 처리해야할 오염원 선별, (2) 초기강우현상에 집중, (3) 빗물 처리과정에서의 부유물 회수, (4) 효과적 초기강우 처리를 위한 초기강우 외 빗물의 월류 유도, (5) 강우유출수와 저류용량 산정, (6) 침전물의 효과적 제거를 위한 침전물 저류지 디자인, (7) 비점오염원 처리를 위한 습지 조성, (8) 처리된 빗물에 대한 산소공급. 본고에서 제시한 빗물공원 디자인 원칙은 최근 대안적 빗물관리시스템으로 논의되는 빗물공원 디자인 시 참고자료가 될 것으로 사료되며 빗물공원에 대한 관심증대는 비구조적 관점으로의 빗물관리체계로의 패러다임 전환을 유도할 것으로 전망된다.

With the increase of the number of riverfront development projects an objective and systematized survey and assessment tool is required to understand and identify the characteristics and potentials of river environment for human uses. The purpose of this study was to develop an assessment system for the investigation and evaluation of the water-friendly environment and to examine its effectiveness by applying the system to the selected study sites. Literature reviews, expert consultation, and preliminary survey were conducted to select highly relevant indexes to evaluate water-friendliness in rivers and, as a result, an assessment system of ten items in four areas was established. The assessment system were applied to 139 reaches of six rivers including Bykgye Cheon, Seom River, Gap Cheon, Yudeng Cheon, Naesung Cheon, and Kumho River. The scores and grade of water-friendliness were calculated per rivers and reaches, and their differences were prominent according to urban river, rural river, mountainous area and city area. Bykgye Cheon and Naesung Cheon got high scores in visual quality and Kumho River and Gap Cheon in community needs and potential uses. The scores of each section in the same river can be used as a basic data for the selection of appropriate sites for the development of hydrophilic space. In addition, it is expected that identifying the characteristics of each river help establish an appropriate management plan for the river.

Riverfront plays an important role as accessible and inclusive public space for residents, and a riverfront development and management has become a social and environmental issue. The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean legislation and guidelines applied in a riverfront assessment process to identify any legislative problems. To this end, major laws, regulations, national river management plans, and various guidelines related to river management were reviewed. The followings are the suggestions proposed for future improvement. First, clear and consistent definitions on riverfront areas and its spatial range are required across the laws. Also, recreational activities and facilities in riverfront should be categorized and listed for possible development and maintenance. Second, it is necessary to develop an objective and unified riverfront assessment system. Also, guidelines for surveying and evaluating the conditions and potentials of riverfront should be developed. Third, efforts should be made to revise related laws and guidelines to enable comprehensive and systematic approach in design, planning, implementation, maintenance of riverfront. Improving the related legislations and streamlining an riverfront assessment process can help create environmentally-friendly riverfront spaces and mange them efficiently

The purposes of this study are to identify assessment items to evaluate riverfront for amenity and recreation and to analyze the relative importance of the items using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Total 15 items of 5 categories were identified through literature review and panel discussion. Based on the AHP analysis results, a weighted value was set for each of the layers in the hierachy. ‘Ecological Characteristics’ (0.333) was rated with the highest weighted value. followed by ‘Landscape Characteristics’(0.190) and ‘Physical Characteristics’(0.166). Among the assessment items, ‘Water Quality’ (0.152) and ‘River Naturality’(0.118) had higher weighted values. With the set of assessment items field assessments were carried out for Gyung-An Stream of Gyeonggi-Do to exam its applicability. Total 6 segments and 31 reaches out of the 22.5 km long river were evaluated and the mean scores of the five categories were converted into a percentile score for comparison. Overall, the segments which had higher scores were located close to neighborhood areas and had better connections with other historical and cultural amenities. Also, existing facilities was an important factor and needs to be considered for waterfront development.