This paper makes a detailed description and analysis of the syntactic function and semantic orientation of “Ba+O+V”, and draws the following conclusions: a. “Ba+O+V” has various syntactic functions. Besides being a predicate to form the Ba Sentence, it can also be a subject, an object, a prepositional object, an attribute, a complement, etc. In addition, it can also form the De phrase with De, and form the location phrase with some location words. It presents different structural features in different syntactic positions. b. “Ba+O+V” is the most free when it acts as predicate, and is more or less limited in structure when it is used as other syntactic components，so the frequency of it in different syntactic positions is different. c. Because “Ba+O+V” can appear in different syntactic positions in the sentence, it can be semantically related to different components in the sentenc e，showing the diversity of its semantic direction. d. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, we can’t just limit ourselves to the teaching of Ba sentence with “Ba+O+V” as the predicate. In order to improve students’ overall understanding of the function of “Ba+O+V”, we should also pay attention to the explanation of the usage of it in the non predicate position, so as to effectively improve their practical application ability.

The adverb “Jianzhi” is used frequently in modern Chinese, but most of its previous research focused on “subjectiveness”. To break through this limitation, this paper focused on the syntactic features and main semantic functions of the adverb “Jianzhi”. Firstly, in syntactic features, by organizing the structure with high frequency of “Jianzhi”, it is found that the common feature presented in the verb structure is to pay attention to the characteristics of the nature of the things, and in the adjective structure is to show that mainly modifies the high degree of complements. Secondly, we found that “Jianzhi” has two main semantic functions. The first one is “non-true value marking function” and the other one is “boundary function”. The former means the speaker reminds the listener that the central meaning in the “Jianzhi” sentence is not true, and the latter means when “Jianzhi” is modifying the degree component, it will set a boundary for the component, indicating the degree limit. The commonality of these two semantic functions is [+ default], so the main semantics of “Jianzhi” can be summarized as a temporary default to reach a certain amount or form a certain result, situation.

한국어교육 현장에서 연어를 이용한 어휘교육은 한국어 학습자가 자연스러운 한국어를 구사할 수 있도록 정확성과 유창성을 높여줄 수 있다. 그러나 연어는 어휘 간 결합관계의 예측 불가능성과 비대칭성으로 인해 상세한 분석과 기술이 요구되며 반드시 외국인 학습자들에게 효과적으로 제시되어야 한다. 그리하여 학습자가 단순히 연어를 암기식으로 학습하는 것이 아니라 그어휘가 성립되는 관계를 이해하여 한국어의 유창성을 향상시키는데 도모해야 할 것이다. 본고에서는 한국어 학습자의 효율적인 연어 학습을 위해 어휘 사이의 의미관계, 특히 연어 관계의 체계적인 기술을 가능하게 하는 장치인 멜축(Mel'čuk)의 어휘함수를 활용하여 연어의 구성요소들이 맺는 어휘적 의미 관계를 중심으로 기술하는데 기초적 자료가 되는 것에 의의를 두고자 한다.