If we take account of the ‘Architectural Tradition’ which aims a construction of better environment, we can see that this tradition has ended historically toward Utopia. And the concrete concepts of utopia mainly started on the Renaissance periods. The Utopias were described well in the literatures which contained particularly three representative utopian books in Renaissance period. The one was the most famous novel <Utopia, 1516> by Sir Thomas More and the other were <La citta del sole, 1602> by Tommaso Campanella and <The New Atlantis, 1624> by Francis Bacon. These novels expressed ideal commonwealths in which inhabitants exist under perfect conditions, ideally perfect places or state of things. The plans of utopia are complete projects of image, its goal is an political, social and economical improvement according to the eras. Their utopias mostly had characteristics as follows; their shape of islands were almost circle, their shape of cities were rectangularity or circle and attached importance to geometrical compositions, their structure of cities were self-sufficiency in closed spaces and their architectural characteristics were uniformity, simplicity and non-ornament. And these architectural characteristics are urban and architectural traditions in communist countries. Also their utopian novels had not much explanations to daily lives of people like as birth, death, relative, mental conflict or authority, money, art. So their utopian novels were not practical and had inappropriate aspects.

Today, the people wish to enjoy a pleasant and safe life and high quality of urban environments in their neighborhood. Now is the time when we must give up government-oriented urban- planning(Top-Down) and adopt new city plans(Bottom-Up) of which the focus is placed on building an environment friendly city and based on citizens' participation. The purpose of this case studies are examine the characteristics and process of urban renaissance and regional renaissance in japan. The results of research are as follows: 1) The city recreation board of japan are urban renaissance agency and regional renaissance agency. 2) The renaissance thema is 8 types: regional special products and tour oriented and academic oriented, eco-life practice oriented, experience and community oriented, industrial and job-creation oriented, urban-scene(view) and art-creation oriented and holistic renaissance oriented types. 3) The key aspects are citizens' participation and academic-industrial cooperation of urban renaissance and regional renaissance in Japan.