본 논문은 2010년부터 2016년까지의 ‘X币’형 신조어를 분석하였다. 본 논문의 목적은 유사한 형태의 신조어를 개념적 혼성 이론으로 분석하여 새로운 단어가 생성되기까지의 혼성과정의 차이를 밝히는 것이다. 본 논문은 X의 의미에 따라 ‘X(음역)币’형 신조어, ‘X(은유)币’형 신조어, ‘X(장소)币’형 신조어로 나누고, ‘以太币’, ‘萬福币’, ‘任币’, ‘猴币’, ‘亚马逊币’를 집중적으로 분석하였다. 이 신조어들을 개념적 통합 연결망으로 분석하고, 논의의 마지막에 유사한 혼성과정을 갖는 신조어를 제시했다. 분석 결과에서 특이한 점은 첫째, 같은 형태의 단어지만 입력공간을 구축하는 과정이 달랐다. 둘째, ‘萬福币’는 입력공간이 3개이며, 나머지 단어는 혼성과정이 비교적 단순하다. 셋째, ‘萬福币’에는 창조된 부분이 있지만, 나머지 단어에는 창조된 부분이 없다. 넷째, 단어에 따라 영상도식 혹은 인지 모형이 요구되었다는 것이다.

Consumers’ desire for beauty has become a driving force in the beauty service industry which was further developed through specialization and segmentation. Nail-care service, which is one of the beauty services, is showing rapid growth, and intense competition among salons has become apparent. Thus, service management method and marketing strategy are required for customer satisfaction. Therefore, in this study, we tried to classify the nail-care services on the basis of systematization and realization of its characteristics which are fundamental when developing management and marketing strategies. The subjects of this study were women in their 20s and above living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon areas. As a result, the nail-care service factors are classified as “external environment” (interior, celebrity, newness), “internal environment” (equipment and products, cleanliness, and environment), “location” (location and transportation convenience), “reputation” (good reputation), “technician skill,” “kindness,” “relationship” (relationship, empathy, and affinity), and “price and discount.” The consumer types of nail-care services were classified into three groups according to the degree of involvement of these concept systems. These results can be used as marketing basics and will be the basis for studying marketing strategies. However, the consideration of setting up a marketing strategy for each consumer type will be presented in a follow-up study.

We analyzed the manufacturing procedure, specifications, repair history, and details of celestial movements of the water-hammering type Honsang (celestial globe). Results from our study on the remaining Honsangs in China and Japan and on the reconstruction models in Korea were applied to our conceptual design of the water-hammering type Honsang. A Honui (armillary sphere) and Honsang using the water-hammering method were manufactured in Joseon in 1435 (the 17th year of King Sejong). Jang Yeong-Sil developed the Honsang system based on the water-operation method of Shui yün i hsiang t’ai in China. Water-operation means driving water wheels using a water flow. The most important factor in this type of operation is the precision of the water clock and the control of the water wheel movement. The water-hammering type Honsang in Joseon probably adopted the Cheonhyeong (天衡; oriental escapement device) system of Shui yün i hsiang t’ai in China and the overflow mechanism of Jagyeongnu (striking clepsydra) in Joseon, etc. In addition to the Cheonryun system, more gear instruments were needed to stage the rotation of the Honsang globe and the sun’s movement. In this study, the water-hammering mechanism is analyzed in the structure of a water clock, a water wheel, the Cheonhyeong system, and the Giryun system, as an organically working operation mechanism. We expect that this study will serve as an essential basis for studies on Heumgyeonggaknu, the water-operating astronomical clock, and other astronomical clocks in the middle and latter parts of the Joseon dynasty.