Chloride-based deicing material is excellent to dissolve ice and snow in economical but they accelerate deterioration of concrete or corrosion steel reinforced concrete. Chlorine ions contained in the chloride-based deicing material currently used act as catalysts for accelerating corrosion when the air-void level is above a concentration level, even if the airvoid retain the proper alkali level. Environment-friendly CMA based deicing material has been difficult to use due to high unit prices in the past, but recently prices have stabilized. As an environment-friendly deicing material agent citric acid, which is a typical organic acid in citrus fruits, plays a role of controlling pH and preventing oxidation. This is effective against reducing steel corrosion and concrete deterioration. In the long term, environment-friendly deicing material is economical considering the damages of structures due to existing chloride-based deicing material. Although environmnet-friendly deicing material has these various advantages, they are inferior in performance to existing chloride-based deicing material. This study suggests proper utilization methods through analyzing the effects of existing chloride-based and environmentfriendly deicing material. Experimental results show that some environment-friendly products a similar level of ice-melting effects of existing chloride, but the effect of chloride-based deicing material is relatively good. This suggests that the performance of ice-melting is inferior only with the use of the environment-friendly deicing material. Therefore, it is necessary to improve deicing methods using with environment-friendly deicing material such as sand and other friction material. Further, it is considered that if the frozen area is predicted in advance and spraying is possible, the environment-friendly deicing material can be used more effectively.

PURPOSES: This study is to investigate the consideration which relates with a disaster from route alignment process and proposed the method it will be able to evaluate a disaster danger fixed quantity. METHODS: Use the landslide disaster probabilistic map of GIS based and in about landslide occurrence of the route alignment at the time of neighboring area after evaluating a risk fixed quantity, it compared LCC expense in about each alternative route. It developed the system it will be able to analyze a LCC and a disaster risk in about the alternative route. In order to verify a risk analytical algorithm and the system which are developed it selected national road 59 lines on the demonstrative route and it analyzed a disaster risk. RESULTS: Demonstrative route not only the disaster risk to be it will be able to compare a disaster risk fixed quantity like the economical efficiency degree in compliance with LCC expense productions it compared and there being the designer will be able to decide the alternative route, it confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: Roads can be designed by considering occurs repeatedly landslides and debris flow caused by disasters in advance and expect to be able to effect that can reduce the overall cost to recover losses caused by the disaster, and temporally loss is expected.

본 연구에서는 노선선정과정에서 정량적으로 환경성을 평가할 수 있는 방법에 대한 각종 제도 및 문헌을 고찰해 보고, 이를 바탕으로 도로노선의 정량적 환경성 평가 방법을 제안하였으며 이를 국내에 계획된 도로노선에 적용하여, 국내도로에 대한 친환경성을 평가하였다. 이에 따라 중부권, 강원권, 남부권의 지역별 사례구간을 선정하고 제안된 환경성 평가방법을 수행하였다. 그 결과 각 지역별 사례구간의 해당 지역에 대한 환경점수대의 분포가 다양하게 나타남을 확인하였다. 또한 각 노선의 환경적인 정도를 나타낼 수 있도록 해당지역의 환경영향 최소화 경로를 생성한 후 이를 기준으로 각 노선의 친환경도를 분석하였다. 그 결과 지역의 환경적 민감도가 큰 지역 즉, 높은 점수대가 많은 지역인 강원권에 설계된 노선의 친환경도가 가장 낮게 분석된 결과를 볼 수 있었다.

We introduce a simplified crossing wood drain disperses rain water concentration and is used to protect the road surface from erosion due to flooding over the unpaved road. The efficiency of a simplified crossing wood drain was also investigated. A structure of simplified crossing wood drain can be produced within 10 minutes and installed within 18 minutes. The cost of the this product is 1/5 of that of the existing crossing drain product. The production and installation cost can be reduced according to dexterity. In the context of such applications, the degrees of damage for a rubber pad, which preventing the rain overflow, were varied according to their materials. A type of 8.2㎜ thick fabric rubber was the most suitable in this study.