The purposes of this study was to evaluate the effect of low power GaAsAl laser on tissue contraction in a linear incision wound on rat skin. The linear incision wound was made on the midline of the backside in the experimental animals. Low power laser applications with different intensities such as 3, 6, or 10 mW were applied to the experimental animals twice a day for 10 days. On either the seventh or tenth postoperative day, the quantitative analysis of the inflammatory reaction surrounding the linear incision wounds on the rats were performed using enzymatical analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The number of neutrophil was from a normal blood sample that was obtained from the normal experimental animals. Each concentration of neutrophil showed .04-.62 unit activity of MPO. Therefore, the 6 unit activity of MPO per neutrophil was unit. On the 7th and 10th post operative day, non treated tissues demonstrated increased MPO activity as compared to that of normal tissue. These data indicated that the inflammatory reaction of tissue was induced after wound induction and the MPO activity were increased in the inflammed tissues. While both 3 mW or 6 mW intensity of laser treatments did not affect the tissue MPO activity, 10 mW intensity of laser treatment significantly decreased the tissue MPO activity on the 7th and 10th post operative day. These data demonstrated that only 10 mW intensity of laser treatment successfully suppressed tissue inflammatory reaction after wound induction. In conclusion, these findings suggested that 10 mW of GaAIAs laser treatments effectively suppressed the inflammatory reaction of tissue that was induced during the wound healing process.

Laparoscopic appendectomy using three trocars has been widely performed. Recently, a single incision laparoscopic surgical procedure has become popular because it is less invasive. We report on our early experience in performance of single incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SIL-A). Data on the operating time, the duration to make the pneumoperitoneum, body mass index (BMI), rate of conversion to another operation, complication, hospital stay, dosage of analgesics, and pain score were collected prospectively at two centers. Twenty seven patients underwent SIL-A. The mean BMI was 23.3±3.1 kg/m2 (17.6-30.5). The mean time required to make a pneumoperitoneum was 9.9±5.0 minutes (5.0-28.0). The mean operating time was 37.6±26.7 minutes (10.0-100.0). The rate of intra-operative complication was 3.7% (1/27), and the rate of post-operative complication was 22.2% (6/27). The mean hospital stay was 4.1±1.2 days (2-6). The immediately postoperative pain score was 5.4±1.5 (3-8), however, the pain score at discharge was 0.4±0.7 (0-2). The mean dosage of analgesics was 1.5±1.3(0-4), however, none of the patients took analgesics after postoperative three days. SIL-A is feasible but requires improved instrumentation and experience.

The washout on incision cliff is a serious problem. Incision cliff if not carefully done, can contribute to soil erosion and, by removing covering plants could have a large impact on the temporary of normally the quality of water. Because the washout of soil is influenced by its surface, it is necessary to prevent or diminish soil particle by plantation of grass species. Kummerowia stipulacea is an useful species that diminish the injury of soil and rainwater. We study that estimates of preventing soil erosion and river overflow can be obtained from the experimental model developmented by several equators. Many potential contaminants are removed by filtration as the water moves slowly through the fields of K. stipulacea.