본 연구는 마비성 독소 표준물질의 안정적인 공급을 위해 친환경적이고 경제성이 우수한 발광다이오드 광원의 파장을 이용하 여, PST의 원인종 Alexandrium catenella와 A. pacificum의 독 함량을 증대시킬 수 있는 가능성을 살펴보았다. 파장별 광량과 생장속도의 관계 를 보면, 반포화상수(Ks)는 두 종 모두 적색파장에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 청색파장에서 가장 낮았다. 빛 파장에 따른 독함량의 경우, 적색 파장이 A. catenalla은 최고 약 8배 그리고 A. pacificum은 약 3.4배 다른 파장보다 높았다. 그리고 광량에 대한 친화성을 나타내는 Ks와 독농 도와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 세포당 독농도 증가를 위한 배양법은 초기에 세포수량의 확보 및 빠른 생장속도를 유 도하기 위해서 청색파장을, 대수생장기 후기에는 적색파장을 주사하여, 세포내 독함유량을 증가시킬 수 있는 2단계 배양법을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Phototactic behavioral responses of Tribolium castaneum adults to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of seven different wavelengths were determined under various conditions (light exposure times, light sources, and luminance intensities) and compared with those of a black light bulb (BLB) under laboratory conditions. Based on the attractive rate (%) of T. castaneum adults under optimal conditions (50 lx and an 48 h exposure time) in the dark, red LED (625±10 nm) exhibited the highest potential attractive rate (97.8%), followed by yellow (590±5 nm, 68.9%), green (520±5 nm, 55.6%), infrared (IR) (730 nm, 54.4%), white (450-620 nm, 41.1%), blue (470±10 nm, 34.4%), and ultraviolet (UV) (365 nm, 0.06%) LEDs. In comparison, red LED (97.8%) was approximately 3.4 times more attractive to T. castaneum adults than the BLB (28.9%). These results indicate that a red LED trap could be useful to control T. castaneum adults.

Spodoptera exigua is a significant polyphagous pest in the greenhouse and open field. Our aim of this study was to evaluate light emitting diodes (LEDs) as the potential attractants against Spodoptera exigua on various wavelengths, light intensity, and light duration. The preference response to S. exigua was investigated by the laboratory and field-scale. The wavelengths of LEDs were composed as follows: blue (470 nm), green (520 nm), yellow (590 nm), red (625 nm) and white (450-620 nm). When the optimal light condition was investigated in the laboratory scale, the all light treatments attracted the highest number of S. exigua at 40 lux intensity and 60 min duration. Based on the wavelengths under optimal light condition, the white LED exhibited the highest attraction rate (91.1%), followed by green (88.9%), blue (81.1%), yellow (63.3%) and red (56.7%), respectively. In comparison with the selected white LED and yellow sticky traps in the field-scale, the white LED (81.3%) was about 16.26 times more attractive than yellow sticky trap (5.0%). These results clearly show that the white LED had the greatest attraction against S. exigua.

The aim of this study was to evaluate light emitting diodes (LEDs) as the potential attractants against Spodoptera exigua on various wavelengths, light intensity and light duration, and compared to that of commercial control, flourescent lamp. The phototactic response to S. exigua was tested by single and complex wavelengths. The single wavelengths were composed as follows: blue (470 nm), green (520 nm), yellow (590 nm) and red (625 nm). The complex wavelengths was combined with two single wavelengths, such as blue-green, blue-yellow, blue-red, green-yellow, green-red and yellow-red. When the optimal light condition was investigated, the all light treatments attracted the highest number of S. exigua at 40 lux intensity and 60 min duration. Based on the single wavelengths under optimal light condition, the green LED exhibited the highest attraction rate (88.9%), followed by blue (81.1%), yellow (63.3%) and red (56.7%), respectively. In case of complex wavelengths under same conditions, the bluegreen complex (93.3%) had the significantly highest attractive activity, whereas blue-yellow, blue-red, green-yellow, green-red and yellow-red wavelengths were slightly decreased in comparison with single wavelengths. These data clearly show that blue-green complex had the greatest attraction against S. exigua.

본 연구는 저광 조사 저온 저장 중 광합성유효방사(PAR)내의 각 파장이 토마토 묘의 형태와 엽색 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 10±0.5℃의 온도와 피크 파장이 각각 405, 450, 505, 545, 600, 645, 680, 700nm의 발광다이오드로부터 조사된 3μmol m-2s-1의 광합성유효광량 자속밀도 조건에서 토마토 접목묘를 28일간 저장하였다. 405, 450, 505nm의 파장에서 저장된 묘의 잎은 다른 파장에서 저장된 잎에 비해 직립하는 경향을 보였으며, 특히 450과 505nm 파장에서 저장된 묘의 경우 엽축 생장이 억제되면서 콤팩트한 형태를 보였다. 파장의 변화에 따른 엽색의 규칙적인 변화는 저장 전후를 비교하여 관찰되지 않았으나, 405와 700nm 파장에서 저장된 묘는 엷은 녹색을 나타내었다. 저광 조사 저온 저장 중, 450~545nm 영역의 광조사는 토마토 묘의 직립을 유도하여 외관상 건강한 묘로 인정 받는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.