As a tropical country, Indonesia emphasize the agricultural sector in its economic development. Consequently the lignocellulosic biomass material as an agricultural waste is abundantly available. On the other hand, the production and consumption of edible mushrooms in Indonesia have gradually been increasing for years. Most of them is cultivated on lignocellulosic biomass material. Based on the substrate of their cultivation, the production of edible mushrooms in Indonesia was divided into two types. The first is using sawdust as a main substrate. Mushrooms cultivated in this substrate are oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp), ear mushroom (Auricularia sp), and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The second is to use rice straw as a main substrate. They are rice straw mushroom (Volvariella sp) and a button mushroom (Agaricus sp). All of the mushroom cultivation are done in small and medium scale without mechanization. This paper revealed the method of mushroom cultivation in Indonesia using both main substrate, sawdust and rice straw. The bioconversion of lignocellulose substrat into fresh fruiting body of mushroom is expressed in Biological Efficiency (BE). It was determinated by the weight of fresh mushroom as a percentage of the weight of wet substrate. The result show that the BE of Pleurotus sp growing on sawdust was 35-40%, while Volvariella sp growing on rice straw was 15-20%.

버섯의 혼합배지에 사용되는 배지원료의 아미노산과 일반성분을 분석한 결과, 순단백질(아미노산) 함량은 대두박이 44.02%로 가장 높았고, 건비지가31.5, 면실박이 30.6%로 나타났다. 주요 질소원 배지지료의 비단백태질소화합물(NPN)의 조단백질에 대한 비율은 대두박이 2.4%, 건비지는 5.6%였지만, 탄소원 배지재료인 미강과 밀기울은 17.6%로써 높았다.조단백질/가격(원)은 채종박이 6.0으로 가격대비 조단백질량이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 균사생장에 관여하는 가용성무질소물(NFE)는 알파콘이 72.9%, 소맥피B가 57.2%로 높았다. 산성세제불용섬유(ADF)는 콘콥이 51.88%로 높았는데, 잣버섯 등 갈색부후균이 이용하기 어려운 리그닌이 포함되어 있으므로사용에 주의가 필요하다.