1924년부터 2004년까지 제주관측지점 자료를 이용하여 제주의 기온과 강수량의 변동 특성을 조사하였다. 지난 81년 동안 연평균 기온은 0.02˚C/year 정도로 증가하였으며 1980년 이후에는 0.05˚C/year로 이전보다 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 최저기온의 증가가 최고기온 증가보다 크게 나타나 결과적으로 최저기온의 상승이 평균기온의 상승을 유발한 것으로 보인다. 기온과 강수의 특이기후 발생빈도 또한 조사하였다. 최고기온 특이값 빈도에 대한 기온편차는 지구온난화경향과 더불어 1980년대에 증가하였으며, 최저기온 특이값은 여름과 겨울 동안 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 강수일수는 감소하고 일강수량이 80 mm 이상인 호우일수의 빈도는 증가하여 강수강도가 강화되는 것으로 나타났다.

Temporal and spatial variability of precipitation (P), evaporation (E), and moisture balance (P-E; precipitation minus evaporation) has been investigated over the tropical ocean during the period from January 1998 to July 2001. Our data were analyzed by the EOF method using the satellite P and E observations made by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) and the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). This analysis has been performed for two three-year periods as follow; The first period which includes the El Niño in early 1998 ranges from January 1998 to December 2000, and the second period which includes the La Niño events in the early 1999 and 2000 (without El Niño) ranges from August 1998 to July 2001. The areas of maxima and high variability in the precipitation and in the P-E were displaced from the tropical western Pacific and the ITCZ during the La Niño to the tropical middle Pacific during the El Niño, consistent with those in previous P studies. Their variations near the Korean Peninsula seem to exhibit a weakly positive correlation with that in the tropical Pacific during the El Niño. The evaporation, out of phase with the precipitation, was reduced in the tropical western Pacific due to humid condition in boreal summer, but intensified in the Kuroshio and Gulf currents due to windy condition in winter. The P-E variability was determined mainly by the precipitation of which the variability was more localized but higher by 2-3 times than that of evaporation. Except for the ITCZ (0-10˚N), evaporation was found to dominate precipitation by ∼2 mm/day over the tropical Pacific. Annual and seasonal variations of P, E, and P-E were discussed.

이 연구에서는 49년간 (1954-2002년) 한반도 기상 관측소 자료로부터 한강과 낙동강 유역의 유역평균 월강수량 시계열의 변동에 대한 기후특성을 분석하였다. 비록 두 유역의 연강수량의 크기는 차이가 있으나 월별 변동 특성은 매우 유사하였다. 특히 4월 유역평균 강수량은 감소 경향이 뚜렷하였고, 8월 유역평균 강수량은 증가 경향이 매우 뚜렷하였다. 또한 1970년 중반에 유역평균 월강수량의 변동에 변화가 나타났다. NINO3 지수와 한강과 낙동강 유역

This paper aims to know the characteristics of occurrence of the anomaly level and variability of the monthly precipitation in Kyeongnam, Korea. For this study, it was investigated the distribution of the annual and monthly mean precipitation, the precipitation variability and its annual change, and the characteristics of occurrence of the anomaly level in Kyeongnam area. The results were summarized as follows ; 1) The mean of annual total precipitation averaged over Kyeongnam area is 1433.3mm. The spatial distribution n of the annual total precipitation shows that in Kyeongnam area, the high rainfall area locates in the southwest area and south coast and the low rainfall area in an inland area 2) Monthly mean precipitation in Kyeongnam area was the highest in July(266.4㎜) followed by August(338.0㎜), June(210.2㎜) in descending order. In summer season, rainfall was concentrated and accounted for 49.9 percent of the annual total precipitation. Because convergence of the warm and humid southwest current which was influenced by Changma and typhoon took place well in this area. 3) The patterns of annual change of precipitaion variability can be divided into two types; One is a coast type and the other an inland type. The variability of precipitation generally appears low in spring and summer season and high in autumn and winter season. This is in accord with the large and small of precipitation. 4) The high frequency of anomaly level was N( Normal)-level and the next was LN( Low Normal)-level and ES(Extremely Subnormal)-level was not appeared in all stations. The occurrence frequency of N level was high in high rainfall area and distinguished in spring and summer season but the low rainfall area was not.