As the postsecondary school-age population continues to decline, universities are building identities to differentiate themselves and create a favorable impression among this cohort. We investigated the role of logo-bearing products as a way of promoting university identity, specifically, the effects of ingroup ties, ingroup affect, and centrality on attitude toward university logo products and purchase intention. This study further examined the moderating effects of perceived university prestige on the relationship between logo product attitude and in-store purchase intention, and the moderating effect of online shopping frequency on the relationship between logo product attitude and online purchase intention. We conducted a survey of undergraduate and graduate students at a university in Seoul. Survey responses (N=561) were collected and processed using SPSS 23.0. Multiple regression analysis showed that ingroup ties and affect had significant effects on product attitude. However, centrality had no significant effect on attitude toward the product. Product attitude had a direct significant effect on both in-store and online purchase intention. Perceived university prestige moderated the relationship between product attitude and in-store purchase intention. Moreover, online shopping frequency moderated the relationship between product attitude and online purchase intention. The results of this study are expected to provide fundamental knowledge for developing product strategy of logo products.

This study is to explore the effect of music characteristics (i.e., likeliness and familiarity of music) on the relationship between mood and attitude toward the product in the online shopping mall selling hand-made shoes. A total of 319 consumers participated in experiments with online shopping mall stimuli with a variety of background music. In results, consumer mood positively affected attitude toward the hand-made shoe products in the online shopping mall under background music. A moderating effect of music likeliness was found in the relationship between mood and product attitude, indicating that mood more strongly affected product attitude under more liked music than under less liked music. When consumers are listening to more liked music and are in good mood, they may build their attitudes toward products independently from their mood, whereas they may build positive attitude under good mood versus negative attitudes under bad mood if they are listening to less liked music. A moderating effect of music familiarity was not found in the relationship between mood and product attitude. Based on results, it was confirmed that the S-O-R model could be applied to explain the effect of background music on consumer responses in online shopping malls. Marketers may be able to select and adjust the likeliness and familiarity of background music to better serve consumers in diverse shopping conditions, referring to the study findings.

Based on the research finding, the conclusions are as follows: 1. According to the result of questionnaire survey, at present the apron material that chef wear does not have fire retardant function, chef expect apron material can add this function, they think apron material adding this function can protect physiological health, proving the necessity for developing fire retardant apron. 2. This study use the result of chef’s need expectation, and combine ergonomics data to adjust existing apron structure design, then this study use fire retardant cloth to develop fire retardant apron to meet chef’s need expectation. 3. Through the sensibility evaluation test of fire retardant apron developed by this study, those who exposed to higher temperature fry stove fire, charcoal fire or caldron cook in specific kitchen infield for a long period of time have higher preference and feeling.

Modern consumers have significantly changed their shopping patterns, so that retailers must employ competitive and innovative strategies to counter the many new types of stores such as outlets offering premium services. In addition, customers have become smarter shoppers, refusing to pay more because of brand loyalty, especially when service and price differences have diminished. This study is an analysis of consumer shopping behavior in an effort to find effective marketing strategies to appeal to consumers who shop in outlet stores. Previous research has shown that shoppers may be clustered according to whether they are oriented toward convenience, brands, hedonism, economics, or trends. Different consumer types have different attitudes toward retailer types and also vary in their retailer loyalty. Some types have strong customer loyalty to outlet stores, but others do not. In this study, we examine the relationship between consumer attitude toward the outlet store and retailer loyalty according to consumer shopping types. Hedonism-oriented and economics-orientated consumers are expected to have more interest in outlet shopping than are brand-oriented consumers.

In this study, we identified the characteristics of mobile fashion shopping and verified the path model of effects of these characteristics on mobile fashion shopping purchase intention through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. We conducted the survey targeting smartphone users in their 20s~30s and analyzed the structural equation model using AMOS 16.0. The results were as follows: Mobile fashion shopping characteristics (enjoyment, credibility, instant connectivity, security, and personalization) had positive effects on perceived usefulness and perceived usefulness influenced attitude toward purchase and purchase intention positively. Attitude toward purchase affected purchase intention in a positive way and perceived usefulness had indirect effect on purchase intention through attitude toward purchase. In conclusion, we proposed the marketing strategies of the mobile fashion shopping businesses.

As more consumers shop online and prefer private label apparel products, the importance of private label apparel brand of Internet shopping malls are increasing. This study investigated consumer attitudes toward private label apparel brand of Internet shopping malls. Attitudes were conceptualized into two sub-factors: utilitarian and hedonic. Based on findings of prior studies, subjective norm and familiarity were included as antecedents to attitude variables. Purchase intention and word of mouth intention were also included as consequence variables of attitudes. Types of Online shopping malls were considered as moderating variable. For the empirical research, the Online survey was conducted. Young male and female consumers who have experience in Internet shopping of clothing products participated in the study. 429 questionnaire were used for the final statistical analysis. Results indicated that subjective norm had significant influence on consumer attitudes toward private label apparel brand. Familiarity however did not have significant influence on attitude variables for general internet shopping malls. For specialized Internet shopping malls, familiarity had significant influence only on hedonic attitude. Attitude variables had significant influence on purchase intention and word of mouth intention. Subjective norm and familiarity had significant influence on purchase intention and word of mouth intention.

At the end of April, 2009, the number of mobile phone users reached about 46 million in Korea. Consequently, the mobile shopping market is growing rapidly, and fashion products are one of the most concerned categories in mobile shopping market. In the meantime, the growth rates of domestic fashion industry and fashion retail market are forecasted very slow. In this situation, however, the growth rate of on-line shopping market including internet shopping, TV home shopping, and mobile shopping is estimated more than 12% per year until 2010. Particularly, mobile shopping area is forecasted the most rapid growing field. The objective of this study were to confirm the factors which had influences on mobile fashion shopping and to examine the effects of these factors affect the attitude toward mobile fashion shopping and the using intention of mobile fashion shopping. With the results, marketing strategies for mobile fashion shopping companies would be proposed. Date were gathered from 125 respondents of 20's and 30's females and were analyzed by AMOS 7.0. The key points of the results are; 1) The 5 factors of instant access, individualization, amusement, usefulness and ease of use which extracted from preceding researches were confirmed as the characteristics of mobile fashion shopping, 2) among these factors, amusement and usefulness had positive influences on the attitude toward mobile fashion shopping, 3) reliability on mobile fashion shopping didn't had an influence on the attitude toward mobile fashion shopping significantly, but had a positive influence on the using intention of mobile fashion shopping directly, and 4) the attitude toward mobile fashion shopping affects using intention of mobile fashion shopping positively. With these results, mobile fashion shopping companies can establish marketing strategies from various angles.

The purposes of this study identify how attributes of the website impact on consumer attitude toward the website. For this purpose, the study tested covariance structural model which set relationships among independent variables (interactivity and shopping value), meditated variable (relationship commitment), and dependent variables(attitude toward website). The data were collected from a sample of 239 internet shopper of college female students. The covariance structural model and research hypothesis analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 5.0 program. The results are as follows: First, the structural model is accepted significantly. Second, interactivity and shopping value of website have a positive influence on relationship commitment. Third, interactivity, shopping value of website, and relationship commitment have a positive impact on attitude toward the website. Forth, even if shopping value has not a positive influence on attitude toward the website, it was found to have a significant effect on attitude toward the website through the relationship commitment.