The purpose of this study was to analyze changes to body measurements and silhouettes after wearing an early 19th century women’s corset. Two types of corsets were tested. Changes in body size and silhouette were compared based on the levels of tightening strength of the corset. The tightening strength was adjusted in 4 steps by making the length of back fastening string 10-40 cm shorter than the standard. The silhouette was compared with the front silhouette and the side silhouette. The results were as follows. After wearing the experimental 19th century corsets, the chest circumference and front interscye length increased. However, the chest circumference did not increase proportionally to the tightening strength. The underbust circumference, waist circumference, and back interscye length also decreased. The waist width was decreased to create a slim front silhouette. The change in the body silhouette differed depending on the style of the experimental corset. The experimental corset made with the six-piece torso pattern changed the posture so that the shoulders were pulled back and the chest was pushed forward. The experimental corset with the side bodice pattern resulted in the subject’s shoulders reclining backward and the chest and abdomen extending forward. The results of this study show that women’s body sizes and silhouettes could be changed by wearing the early 19th century corsets, but the changes in body size and silhouette vary depending on the wearer's individual body type or corset style.

카라 워커(Kara Walker, 1969∼)는 1994∼1998년 실루엣 작품을 통해 여러 인종의 캐릭터들을 만들고 인종 간에 발생하는 성적 섹슈얼리티와 폭력성을 드러냈다. 워커는 서사적 구성을 가진 실루엣 작품 속에서 인종에 대한 고정관념이 ‘허구’라는 것을 표현 하기 위하여 현실과 가상이 혼합된 자신만의 판타지를 만들어 내었다. 워커의 인종 재현 방식에서 중요한 전략은 외적인 윤곽을 드러내는 실루엣 (Silhouette) 기법과 문학 작품의 차용, 키치로서의 로맨스 요소를 사용하였다는 것이다. 이뿐 만 아니라 워커는 그녀의 작품에서 아프리카계 미국인들의 포스트 메모리 (postmemory) 작업과 개인의 트라우마의 작용을 흑인 여성 캐릭터에서 잘 녹여내었다. 이로써 워커는 자신의 경험을 흑인 여성이 가지는 심리학적인 유산과 혼합하였고, 지배 자와 피지배자 사이의 성적 권력에 대한 문제를 가시화하였다. 그리하여 워커는 흑인 여성의 성적인 면을 드러내는 것에 보수 적일 수밖에 없었던 1970년대 흑인 여성 미술 작가들의 시선에서 한발 나아가 흑인 여성의 신체를 인종적 억압에서 벗어나게 하였다. 워커는 그녀의 작품 속의 이미지와 내러티브를 통해 흑인 여성 캐릭터의 성적 주체성을 표현함으로써 인종적·성적 차별에 따른 사람들의 인식을 바꾸려는 시도를 하였다.

The purpose of this study is to identify women (aged from 49~59), who have recently emerged as consumers, and their clothing preferences, and it suggests how to make jackets provide better fit and wearability. The results of the study are as follows. In drafting a pattern for size 66 tailored collar jacket with an X-silhouette, it was made with front waist length measuring B/4+1.5 cm, a back length of B/4+1.3 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, a hip ease of H/4+1.2 cm and a sleeve opening of 34.5 cm, to allow for easy movement. In drafting a size 66 high neck collar jacket, it was made with a front and back waist length measuring B/4+1.5 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, a hip ease of H/4+1.2 cm and a sleeve opening of 35 cm. In drafting a size 66 sports collar jacket with an A-silhouette, it was made with front and back waist lengths measuring B/4+1.5 cm, an armhole depth of B/4, and a side dart of 1.3 cm, to provide raglan sleeves. The last experimental jacket pattern improved the appearance and moving fitness evaluation especially for shoulder and arm movement. Based on analysis, jackets were made and subjected to an appearance evaluation using multi-modules to test the level of wearing satisfaction for each fabric and silhouette. the results of the multi-module wearing tests indicate that the preferred silhouettes caused less stressful situations in terms of both psychological and physiological signals.

The high resolution mesh tessellation method using PN-triangle (Point Normal – triangle) derived from the low resolution mesh triangle is widely used because it does not require the adjacent triangle information. With this PN-triangle tessellation method, the method to further subdivide triangles close to the silhouette was also presented. However, the previous method produces the extreme case where the tessellation factor will be zero when a triangle is far away from the silhouette. In this paper, unlike the previous method, ① the modified method to smoothly increase the tessellation factor as close to the silhouette is proposed. ② Also the method to increase the tessellation factor as close the view and away to the silhouette is proposed. ③ The modified method to increase the tessellation factor as the size of primitive is also proposed. The proposed method is verified by the experimental simulation.

The aim of this study was to use a 3D human body scanner to analyze the cross section of different body parts when a girdle is worn. Two types of girdles were selected as experimental garments: a standard type girdle (Garment A) and a high-waist type girdle (Garment B). Their sizes were 88 (S) and 94 (M). Ten female subjects in their twenties who wear girdles sizes 88 (S) and 94 (M) participated the experiment. Their bodies were scanned three times with the 3D human body scanner, before and after wearing experimental girdles. The data were collected by overlapping the cross sections of the 3D scanned body shape data. The space length was measured from the overlapped cross sections. The results show that human body silhouette are changed after wearing the compression type garments and the amount and place of the body change is different by style of garments. First, the waist girth shape became rounder. Second, there was a definite difference in space amount at abdomen girth between two types of girdle. The abdomen area was pushed toward the front after wearing the standard type girdle (A). The high-waist type girdle (B) pushed abdomen area toward the back. Third, there was clear difference at the hip area after wearing two types of girdle. The hip area pushed toward the front with the standard type girdle (A) and pushed toward the back with the high-waist type girdle (B).

This paper presents an image processing technique to detect carbonation region of concrete using a silhouette coefficient. From the test results, it was exhibited that the developed technique provided accurate detection of carbonation region of concrete.