동아(冬瓜, wax gourd, Benincase hispida) 추출물과 프로바이오틱 유산균(Lactobacillus casei와 Bifidobacterium bifidum) (이하 유산균이라 한다)의 생리활성을 분석하였다. 동아 추출물은 안기오텐신전환효소의 활성을 47.9%, 티로시나제의 활성을 13.2% 저해하였고, 항산화 활성을 23.4% 나타냈다. 설사 증세자 120명에게 동아 추출물 제제를 72시간 복용시킨 결과 117명이 개선되었고, 6∼12시간째에 개선율이 가장 높았다. 개선율은 80%가 치료되는 상태를 기준하였다. 유산균제제는 안기오텐신전환효소의 활성을 21.4% 저해하였다. 설사 증세자 120명에게 유산균 제제를 72시간 복용시킨 결과 108명이 개선되었고, 24시간째에 개선율이 가장 높았다. 이들 결과를 바탕으로, 과민성대장증후군 개선을 위한 동아 추출물과 유산균을 함유한 제제(tablet)를 개발하였다. 이 제품은 안기오텐신전환효소의 활성을 27.1% 저해하였고, 항산화 활성을 20.3% 나타냈다. 인체폐암 A549 세포에 100 ㎍/㎖ 및 250 ㎍/㎖ 농도로 이 제제를 가하여 24시간 반응시킨 결과, 세포 증식을 67% 억제하였고, 동아 추출물 제제나 프로바이오틱 유산균 제제 단독으로 작용시킨 것보다 억제율이 높았다. 또 이 제제를 인체대장암 HCT116 세포에 100 ㎍/㎖ 농도로 가한 결과, 24시간 후 세포 증식이 70% 억제되었고, 동아 추출물 제제나 유산균 제제 단독으로 작용시킨 것보다 개선율과 개선 속도가 높았다. 이 제제를 설사형, 변비형, 일반형의 과민성대장증후군 증세자 164명에게 72시간 복용시킨 결과 100% 개선시켰으며, 개선율은 3∼6시간째에 가장 높았고, 동아 추출물 제제나 유산균 제제 단독으로 사용한 것보다 개선율과 개선속도가 높았다.

With the addition of ethanol to wax gourd extract and by acetic fermentation, 5.0% acidity vinegar was produced. After putting 10% extract(10% concentration) of Chrysanthemum zawadskii in this, and by dissolving shell, Chrysanthemum zawadskii-pearl vinegar was produced. When a 1% of ark shell, oyster shell, or ear shell was added to wax gourd vinegar, 95.6～98.4% of the shell dissolved, and when a 2% content of shell was added, 97.2～98.4% was dissolved. The acidity of vinegar which dissolved 1% shell was pH 3.0～3.17, and the acidity of vinegar which dissolved 2% shell was pH 1.11～1.20. The pH values of vinegar which dissolved 1%, and 2% shell contents were 4.54～4.55, and 4.86～4.95, respectively. When 1% shell was dissolved, the acidity was higher than that of commercial vinegar, with a high pH value and low level of free acid. This shows that when Chrysanthemum zawadskii 1% is added during acetic acid fermentation, the inhibition was 44.4%, and 22.2% respectively. In this regard, Chrysanthemum zawadskii should be added after the fermentation of acetic acid. The calcium content of 1% shell vinegar is 0.4%, and that of 2% vinegar is 0.78%. Non-heated native wax gourd shows an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition rate of 21.7%, an antioxidant activity of 5.23%, and a tyrosinase inhibition rate of 5.5%. In the case of heated-extracted wax gourd, the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition rate was 16.1%, superoxide dismutase activity was 20.5%, antioxidant activity was 23.2%, and the tyrosinase inhibition rate was 7.1%. Also, in the case of Chrysanthemum zawadskii, the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition rate was 28.8%, the xanthine oxidase inhibition rate was 28.2%, the superoxide dismutase activity was 14.5%, the antioxidant activity was 3.2%, and the tyrosinase inhibition rate was 9.2% Data also revealed that when a 10% sample of the heated-wax gourd extract was added to A549 human lung cancer epithelial cells of, the number of cancer cells declined by 80% in 72 hours, When a 10% native extract was added, the number of cells declined by, 74% in 48 hours, and when a heated-extract of Chrysanthemum zawadskii was added, 100% of the cells died after 72 hours.