Small and micro enterprises are an important part of China’s national economy, and the Chinese government attaches great importance to their important role in promoting supply-side structural reform, promoting high-quality development, and building a modern economic system. The difficulty of financing is the main factor restricting the development of small and micro enterprises. Poor debt financing, lack of shareholder support, operational characteristics of small and micro enterprises, deleveraging policies, Sino-US trade frictions, etc., are the main reasons for the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises. Measures such as standardizing the operation of small and micro enterprises, improving the financial service system, improving the management system, improving the mortgage guarantee ability, and enhancing the risk identification ability can be taken to alleviate the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises.

This essay discusses the enhancement of the KMV model to achieve greater accuracy in predicting default risk and mitigating the effects of asymmetric information in the financial market. Due to the existence of the problem of asymmetric information persists, with some market participants possessing more information than others. This imbalance disrupts the normal market operation, complicates financial regulation, and reduces market stability. Rating agencies have made efforts to disclose and predict default risks to provide more information to the market. Still, traditional models’ prediction accuracy has struggled to meet the market’s evolving demands. To address these challenges, this essay analyzes an improved model, the SIZE-PSO-KMV model. This model builds on the KMV model but introduces a differentiation between large and small firms. By doing so, it refines default risk predictions, thereby alleviating information asymmetry. Enhanced accuracy empowers financial regulators to make more informed decisions and helps prevent future financial crises. The SIZE-PSO-KMV model’s validity is established through rigorous testing, including a comparison with other KMV models and out-of-sample tests. The results demonstrate that this model significantly outperforms traditional KMV models in predicting default risk. Additionally, it adapts to the size of firms, acknowledging that large and small firms face distinct default risk profiles.

In recent years, with the rapid development of risk management, an emerging management discipline, it is natural to go into the teaching field. In the teaching of martial arts courses in higher physical education colleges in China, due to the nature and characteristics of the martial arts courses, the inevitable existence of risk factors in the martial arts teaching process is determined. Using expert interview methods, questionnaire survey methods, literature data methods, field trips and other research methods, explore the potential risks of teachers in higher vocational colleges in the teaching of martial arts courses, and evaluate the risks and potential risks in teachers’ teaching activities. Put forward measures for the prevention of physical education risks. In the teaching of martial arts in higher physical education colleges, the occurrence of teaching safety accidents is mainly caused by four factors: teacher factors, student factors, environmental factors and school management factors. The occurrence of teaching accidents has never been determined by a single factor, so teachers, students and the relevant departments of the school should be strengthened. Finally, the paper puts forward that the measures for the prevention of martial arts teaching risk in higher physical education colleges include: scientifically and rationally arranging preparation activities, establishing student health records, strengthening the teaching management of martial arts courses, strengthening the safety knowledge education of teachers and students, and establishing a linkage mechanism for school teaching risk prevention. And establish measures such as diversified insurance mechanisms.

Big data, artificial intelligence and other cutting-edge technologies are gradually integrated with the real economy, promoting modern society to the development stage of digital economy, and the emergence and development of new industrial trends will inevitably suffer from realistic challenges, at this time, it is necessary to respond to the challenges in a targeted manner.Based on this, this paper analyzes the realistic challenges of the digital transformation of the sports industry, and on the basis of clarifying the existing challenges and difficulties, puts forward the promotion strategy of the digital transformation of the sports industry from multiple perspectives for reference.

Focusing on the research on my country’s sports industry investment system, this paper briefly summarizes the main components of my country’s sports industry investment system. Based on this, discuss the policy environment of my country’s sports industry investment system, and analyze the legal system, industrial policy, and fiscal policy related to the sports investment system. , credit system, and fundraising policies, summarize the role of my country’s sports investment system in the development of sports economy from multiple perspectives, and put forward rational suggestions for strengthening the role of the sports industry system in sports economic development based on the actual situation for reference.

With the wave of digital economy sweeping the world, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud computing, 5G, ChatGPT and other information technologies are developing rapidly. All walks of life are undergoing changes, and people’s thinking, cognition, life, study, and work are changing accordingly. Both developed and developing countries are also facing new situations and challenges in politics, economy, science and technology, culture, and education. It can be said that digitalization itself and its impacts are related to the development of the future world and affect every citizen of the earth. Digital literacy and skills derived from digitalization have gradually become the focus of attention from all walks of life. In terms of college students’ digital literacy and digital literacy skills, it mainly refers to the digital ability that college students should have and use in study, employment, and future work under the background of informatization and digitalization. Although digital literacy and digital literacy skills have been paid more and more attention by the international community and schools, there is no unified definition of digital literacy and digital literacy skills by various countries and international organizations, and there are some differences in the use of this concept by countries and regions. From the perspective of enterprises’ demand for digital talents, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the training and improvement of college students’ digital literacy skills.

In recent years, electronic products have played an increasingly important role in modern society and have penetrated into people’s life and work. With the continuous development of technology and the increasing demand for convenience and innovation, the functions and performance of electronic products continue to improve. However, the intensification of market competition and the rapid advancement of technological progress have brought many challenges and opportunities to the field of electronic products. This paper takes the new product development project management process of Lenovo Company as the research object, adopts investigation analysis method, literature analysis method and project management theory and gateway development management theory to deeply analyze the existing problems in the new product development project management of Lenovo Company, such as: The new product development cycle is long, the new product development cost is over budget, the new product development project organization and coordination ability is weak, and the project monitoring and feedback are not timely. The causes of these problems are analyzed. In view of the existing problems, this paper makes an in-depth study of the relevant theories of project management and new product development, and puts forward an optimization scheme suitable for the improvement of the new product development project management of Lenovo Company. It means adopting agile development scheme, establishing project development cost control point, optimizing organizational structure, and establishing perfect project management supervision and feedback mechanism. Finally, based on the current situation of Lenovo ‘s new product development, this paper proposes the guarantee measures for the smooth implementation of the new product development project management optimization plan, namely, talent guarantee, development and innovation awareness, risk control awareness, and management awareness in strengthening cultural construction, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of new product development project management.

South Korea is one of the important export markets for China’s textiles and apparel in the East Asian region. This paper uses Eviews software, selecting labor costs, South Korea’s GDP, foreign direct investment, and the real effective exchange rate as explanatory variables, to conduct an empirical analysis of the factors affecting China’s export trade value of textiles and apparel to South Korea from 2000-2020. The regression results show that South Korea’s GDP, foreign direct investment, and the real effective exchange rate have a significant positive correlation with China’s export value of textiles and apparel to South Korea; labor costs have a significant negative correlation. Based on the results of this empirical analysis, the paper proposes relevant recommendations.

Today, with the rapid development of economy and the rapid advancement of urbanization, there are still many difficulties and challenges on the road of enterprise production and operation. Especially financial risk, which always accompanies the entire development process of the enterprise, is one of the risks that have the greatest impact on the production process and operation of the enterprise. Timely management and prevention of financial risks is the core link of enterprise operation and development. It can be said that the real estate industry is a very basic and mainstream field, with a certain leading position, and is the mainstay in the process of economic development. Many domestic policies have promoted the development of the real estate industry. The real estate industry continues to grow. Based on the relevant theories of financial risks, this study analyzes in detail the current financial problems faced by Company A, explores the relevant influencing factors of the financial risks of the enterprise, and puts forward specific countermeasures to prevent financial risks, which can help Company A improve the financial risk management system and reduce the occurrence of financial risks.

교육의 질을 향상시키는 것은 고등 교육 발전의 핵심 과제이며, 이를 실현하기 위해 교사는 교육 개혁을 지속적으로 추진하고 교육 방법을 계속 최적화해야 한다. 이 논문은 제2외국어인 한국어 수업 실천을 바탕으로 이론 연구를 통해 교과 과정의 이론적 기초를 확립하고 설문 조사 등 방법을 통해 현재 제2외국어인 한국어 수업의 문제점을 분석한 다음 이론과 실천을 결합하여 수업 과정에서 ‘사례식-계발식-상호작용식’ 수업 모델을 통합하는 구체적인 방법을 모색하여, 제2외국어인 한국어 수업의 ‘사례식-계발식-상호작용식’ 다차원 교수 모형을 형성하고자 한다. 다른 비슷한 수업의 교수법 개발에 참고를 제공할 수 있기를 바란다.

최근 국제 사회에서 중국의 국가적 위상이 높아짐에 따라 대외 선전이 국가적, 사회적 관심사로 대두되었다. 동시에 대외 선전 번역의 중요성이 강조되면서 중국 특색이 있는 작품 등을 번역하는 사업도 끊임없이 진행되고 있다. 대외 선전 번역은 국가 이미지 구축과 언론 조성에 중요한 역할을 하며 중국의 문화를 전세계에 소개하고 ‘중국 문화 해외진출’ 전략을 실시하는 데 추진력이 된다. 중국에서 대외 선전 번역은 중국의 이야기와 중국의 목소리를 전달하고 국제 사회에서 중국의 담론 체계를 구축하는 데 이바지한다. 현재 외국에서 국제 이슈에 대한 중국의 생각을 알고 싶어 하지만 중국 지도자들은 중국어로 발언했기에 중국 지도자들의 발언을 외국인이 이해할 수 있도록 정확하게 표현하고 전달해야 한다. 본 연구는 중국 지도자인 시진핑 주석의 발언, 담화, 강연, 지시, 서신 등을 담고 있는 『시진핑 국정운영을 말하다』를 연구 대상으로 삼아 수사학 시각에서 한국어로 어떻게 번역했는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이는 시진핑 주석이 수사적 특징을 가진 중국의 고전 시문, 속담, 고사성어 등을 인용하고 비유법 등 수사법을 사용하므로 분석할 만한 가치가 있다고 본다. 한국어 번역문을 분석한 결과 역자가 직역, 의역, 첨가, 생략, 한자 표기, 바꿔 번역하기 등 번역 방법을 취한 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 앞으로 『시진핑 국정운영을 말하다』를 비롯한 우수 작품들이 번역되어 한국과 문화 교류를 원활하게 진행할 수 있기를 기대한다.