Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are well known as micro-insect pests, which are very specific to their host plants, sucking phloem for acquiring nutrients, and most of them have successfully maintained parthenogenetic generations cyclically or permanently. In the world, the approximately 5,000 described aphid species belong to the family Aphididae, which has taxonomically been subdivided into 27 subfamilies. We have revised the checklist of the Korean aphids based on 54 publications which include the catalogues, checklists, faunistic researches, and taxonomic reports treating the aphids in the Korean Peninsula since 1927. As results, we confirmed that a total of 438 valid species (species names) of 143 genera in 16 subfamilies had been historically recognized in the Korean Peninsula after checking classifications and invalid names (misidentifications, synonyms, and etc.). We also will introduce the diversity of the Korean aphids.