To support English speaking instruction and assessment in Korean schools, this study developed a taxonomy of English speaking tasks by analyzing the 2022 Revised English Curriculum, reviewing standardized English speaking tests, and referring to task classifications in the CEFR and ACTFL. Three modes of English speaking were identified in response to different communication contexts and purposes: imitative, interactional, and presentational. Tasks designed to elicit each mode were further classified by task type. Imitative speaking comprised two task types: ‘listen and repeat’ and ‘read aloud’. Interactional and presentational speaking each included three task types, based on the macro functions of language use: interpersonal, transactional, and evaluative/problem-solving. Each task type was further subdivided into categories and subcategories. The resulting taxonomy can be aligned with school grade levels in the curriculum by excluding tasks that exceed the relevant achievement standards and by adjusting topics, vocabulary, language forms, and task complexity according to students’ grade levels.

본 연구에서는 EU 택소노미의 경제적 함의와 보호무역주의적 성격을 분석한다. 택소노미는 유럽연합의 녹색 경제 전환을 위한 분류 체계로, 기후 변화 대응을 목표로 한다. 본 논문은 유럽연합의 환경정책과 무역 정책의 연계성을 살펴보고, 택소노미가 무역 장벽으로 작용할 가능성을 검토한다. 유럽연합은 환경정책을 통해 국제무역에서의 경쟁 우위를 유 지하고, 역외 기업들에게 친환경 기준을 부과하여 무역 장벽을 형성한다. 이를 통해 유럽연합은 역내 경제 활성화와 산업 경쟁력을 강화하며, 글 로벌 공급망 재편과 친환경 투자 유치를 도모한다. 본 연구는 유럽연합 의 환경정책이 보호무역주의적 성격을 가지는지 평가하고, 그 경제적 영 향을 고찰한다.

The genus Muscidideicus Becker, 1917 is comprised of only one species, M. praetextatus (Haliday, 1855) reported in west Palearctic region. The adults were typically found on sandy beach within the intertidal zone. In the survey of Korean fauna, authors found three new to science species of this genus on the west sea side of Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. Descriptions and figures of external features of new to science species and key to species of the world are provided here.

The genus Helictes is a small group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 11 species from worldwide, most species from the Palaearctic region, four species from the Nearctic, and two species from the Neotropical region. This subfamily is wide morphological variation between genera but most are readily recognizable as orthocentrines. They are generally small sized, clypeus strongly convex and malar space long. Among them, this genus is reported for the first time from South Korea. In this study, description, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

The Miltogramminae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) includes 600 species divided into more than 40 genera. The biological feature of the miltogrammine species is being kleptoparasites in the nests of solitary wasps and bees, but insect parasitoids and termite inquilines have been also recorded. In Korea, only three species in two genera have been recorded. In this study, five unrecorded species (Amobia oculata, Metopia inermis, Metopia nudibasis, Miltogramma angustifrons and Phylloteles formosana) are reported for the first time in Korea. The diagnosis, photographs and checklists are provided herein.

Six new species are described that are members of the New Zealand endemic genus Adalmus Reitter (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Euplectitae: Trichonychini: Panaphantina): A. bullerensis sp. nov., A. kanierensis sp. nov., A. karekarensis sp. nov., A. mangamukaensis sp. nov., A. puberilumbus sp. nov., and A. serrilumbus sp. nov. In addition, Dalmisus Sharp is placed as a junior synonym of Adalmus (gen. syn.) and the species Dalmisus batrisodes Sharp, 1886, Plectomorphus longiceps Broun, 1913 and P. longipes Broun, 1912 are placed as junior synonyms of A. velutinus Reitter, 1885 spp. syn. Also, P. rugiceps Broun, 1921 is transferred to the genus Adalmus, comb. nov. Adalmus now holds eight species.

The family Ptiliidae, also called featherwing beetle because of their remarkable feather-like hind wings, is group of the smallest beetles, with their body size generally about 1 mm long. Although more than 1,000 valid ptiliids within approximately 100 genera are distributed worldwide, this family remains one of the least understood beetle groups in Korea. In this study, we introduce 13 known Korean ptiliids species within seven genera and additional some unknown species. All available information about Korean ptiliids, including their natural histories, distributional data, and diagnostic characters are provided.

The genus Conicera Meigen is a group of necrophagous phorid flies mostly associated with carrion, including C. tibialis, commonly known as the “coffin fly” that breeds in buried corpses. In this study, specimens of the Conicera species collected from South Korea are examined morphologically on the basis of characteristics on male antennae, sensory organ on midfemora, and left and right surstyli on hypopygium. As a result, five species, viz. C. dauci, C. gracilis, C. orientalis, C. pacifica, C. quadrata are newly recorded from South Korea. Photographs of diagnostic characters, a distribution map and a key to males of South Korean species are provided.

Family Nolidae has not much been treated as noticeable pest. In other countries, there are some pest species like Garella musculana (Erschoff, 1874), Uraba lugens Walker, 1866, and Earias insulana (Boisduval, 1833), but those are not reported in Korea. Recently, the occurrence of a nolid species, Meganola major (Hampson, 1894) has been increasing, especially in Jeollanam-do Prov. This species is mainly distributed in Indian subregion and Southeast Asia, but also East Asia reported, but until now, there are no outbreak information. Neverthereless, recent outbreak might be lead by global warming, and their growth stage. This seems to be evidence of the potential outbreak risk of nolid moths, but unfortunately, their ecology is not mostly well-studied. In this discussion, we are focusing on the potential outbreak of nolid moths in East Asiatic and Oriental regions.