이 논문은 19세기부터 20세기 초까지 서양인이 중국 속담을 기록한 문헌과 서지적 특징을 살펴보고, 서양인들이 주목한 중국 속담의 가치와 효용을 분석함으로써 당시 중국 속담이 수행한 역할을 규명한다. 초기 선교사와 외교관, 작가들은 속담을 중국어 학습에 활용할 수 있는 최적 의 제재로 인식하여 중국어 교재에 수록하였으며, 19세기 중반 이후부터 폴 페르니, 윌리엄 스카보로, 브라이언 브라운 등은 속담집을 전문적으로 편찬하면서 중국어 원문과 영어 번역문을 병렬하거나 주음을 덧붙여 학 습 효과를 강화했다. 잡지도 역시 학습의 효과를 함께 고려했기 때문에 동일한 형식으로 출현했다. 반면, 견문록에서의 중국 속담에 대한 기록은 서양에 중국 문화를 알리는데 초점을 두었기 때문에 영어 번역문만 실렸 다는 점이 상이하다. 서양인은 중국 속담의 풍부함, 운율미, 그리고 지혜 에 주목하여 중국인의 문화를 이해하는 통로로 활용했다. 속담집의 상당 수는 선교사에 의해, 그리고 선교 단체를 통해 출판되었으며, 설교에 적 극 활용되었다. 따라서 중국 속담 기록은 단순한 문화적 호기심이나 언 어 학습을 넘어, 기독교적 목적이 투영된, 언어 학습· 문화 이해· 선교가 교차하는 지점에서 형성된 복합적 결과물이라 할 수 있다.

In this study, we propose a data-driven analytical framework for systematically analyzing the driving patterns of autonomous buses and quantitatively identifying risky driving behaviors at the road-segment level using operational data from real roads. The analysis was based on Basic Safety Message (BSM) data collected over 125 days from two Panta-G autonomous buses operating in the Pangyo Autonomous Driving Testbed. Key driving indicators included speed, acceleration, yaw rate, and elevation, which were mapped onto high-definition (HD) road maps. A hybrid clustering method combining self-organizing map (SOM) and k-means++ was applied, which resulted in eight distinct driving pattern clusters. Among these, four clusters exhibited characteristics associated with risky driving such as sudden acceleration, deceleration, and abrupt steering, and were spatially visualized using digital maps. These visualizations offer practical insights for real-time monitoring and localized risk assessment in autonomous vehicle operations. The proposed framework provides empirical evidence for evaluating the operational safety and reliability of autonomous buses based on repeated behavioral patterns. Its adaptability to diverse urban environments highlights its utility for intelligent traffic control systems and future mobility policy planning.

From 2017 to 2024, we surveyed 43 diverse aquatic habitats in South Korea, leading to the identification of 18 cyanobacterial taxa that are newly recorded for the country, found across eight sites (about 18% of the surveyed locations). These taxa exhibit a wide range of morphological forms, including unicellular, colonial, filamentous, and heterocytous types, and belong to various orders such as Chroococcales, Synechococcales, Nostocales, and Stigonematales. Notably, this study provides a provisional record of Gomphosphaeria aponina in Korea, correcting its previous misidentification as G. natans. We also documented Dolichospermum compactum, a species that has been genetically reclassified. Additionally, we identified species with the potential to cause harmful algal blooms (HABs), such as Microcystis botrys and Gloeotrichia aurantiaca, which are crucial for domestic water quality monitoring. Currently, only 414 cyanobacterial taxa are recorded in Korea, representing less than 8% of the estimated global total of approximately 5,300 species. This significant gap underscores the considerable unrecorded diversity within Korean aquatic ecosystems. These findings substantially enhance the national cyanobacterial checklist and underscore the need for ongoing monitoring in understudied aquatic environments. They also highlight the importance of integrating classical morphological and ecological observations with advanced molecular methods. This polyphasic approach can accurately detect cryptic diversity and support robust ecological assessments. Overall, this comprehensive floristic expansion offers valuable baseline data for biodiversity inventories, ecological monitoring, and the development of microbial resources within Korean aquatic environments.

가위벌과에 속하는 Coelioxys의미기록 2종 Coelioxys conoidea Illiger, 1806 와 Coelioxys formosicola Strand, 1913을 한국에서 처음으로 보 고한다. 본 종의 기재, 분포정보, 그리고 삽화를 제공한다.