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Background : As a part of ongoing research to elucidate and characterize anti-cancer nutraceuticals, extracts from many kinds of medicinal plants were tested for their ability to cytotoxicity on cancer cells so far. Datura stramonium is one of the plants known to contain various alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, scopolamine, atropine etc. Traditionally, it has been used as an analgesic, antispasmodic, and central nervous stimulant. Leaves are also known to be effective against asthma, cough, and chronic bronchitis. In this study, cytotoxicity of extracts from D. stramonium on human cancer cell lines A549 (lung), and HepG2 (liver) were evaluated and compared.
Methods and Results : The extract was diluted with DMSO in the form of 10, 50, 250, 1,000 μg/ml for final concentration series respectively. The cell viabilities were examined by MTT assay. On HepG2 cell line, extracts of D. stramonium showed dramatic dose-dependent cytotoxicity on 10, 50, 250, 1,000 ㎍/㎖ concentrations series as 88.16%, 78.55%, 55.57%, 23.06% cell viability respectively. On A549 cell line, likewise, same concentration series showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect as 96.49%, 96.12%, 68.54%, 20.26% cell viability respectively. On A549 cell line, there was no difference in effect between 10 ㎍/㎖ and 50 ㎍/㎖.
Conclusion : Above results, high concentrations of extracts are effective on two cancer cell lines. These results are expected to be used on further studies about the anticancer activity of D. stramonium as basic data. In order to confirm the anticancer effect of D. stramonium, it is anticipated that additional tests will be required to confirm the apoptosis assay and related protein expression.
