비소는 화학적 형태에 따라 독성이 상이하며 무기비소의 독성이 강하며 피부병변이나 피부암을 유발시키는 발암물질로 알려져 있다. 무기비소의 인체섭취한계량으로, JECFA에서는 기존의 무기비소의 주간잠정섭취허용량 15 μg/kg b.w./week을 철회하였으며, EFSA에서는 폐, 피부암, 피부병변 등에 대한 BMDL0.1 0.3~8 μg/kg b.w./day를 제시하였다. 식품 중 쌀, 해조류 및 음료류은 무기비소 함량이 높은 식품으로 알려져 있다. 식품 중 쌀, 해조류 및 음료류은 무기비소 함량이 높은 식품으로 알려져 있다. 쌀을 재배하는 논 토양은 혐기성으로 주요 무기비소 화학종이 As(III)이기 때문에 쌀에서도 주요 무기비소 화학종이 As(III)인 반면, 수계에서는 주로 As(V)로 존재하기에 해조류에 서의 주요 무기비소 화학종은 As(V)이다. 식품 중 무기비소 분석은 증류수, 메탄올, 질산용액 등을 이용해 가온 또 는 상온조건에서 추출한 후 이온교환크로마토그래피과 액체크로마토그래피를 활용하여 비소화학종을 분리하고 원 자흡광광도계, 유도결합플라즈마 질량분석기를 통하여 정량 및 정성분석이 이루어지고 있으나, 국제적으로 통용되 는 보편화된 방법은 아직 제시되지 않고 있다. 유럽, 미국인 등의 무기비소 노출수준은 0.13~0.7 μg/kg bw/day인 반면, 우리나라를 포함한 아시아인의 무기비소 노출수준은 0.22~5 μg/kg bw/day인 것으로 추정되고 있다. 각 국가에서는 식품 중 무기비소 기준을 설정하고 있으며 국내에서도 관련 기준 설정을 준비 중에 있다. 현재까지 식품 중 무기비소 저감화를 위해 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있으며, 쌀의 경우 도정도를 높이거나 세척을 많이 할수록, 해조류는 끓이는 과정을 통해 무기비소 함량을 크게 줄일 수 있다. 식품 중 무기비소 안전관리 강화를 위해서는 관련 시험법의 국제적 조화, 실태조사를 통한 무기비소 노출에 관한 지속적인 연구가 요구된다.

PURPOSES : The field application and performance of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP), constructed by using the mechanical tube-feeding method, are evaluated in this study. METHODS: The location of the rebar was evaluated by using the MIRA system. The early-age CRCP performance was evaluated via visual survey, in which the crack spacing and crack width were examined. RESULTS: The location of longitudinal reinforcing bars was evaluated via MIRA testing and the results showed that the longitudinal rebars all lie within a given tolerance limit (±2.5 cm) of the target elevation. In addition, owing to the low temperature when the concrete was pured, the crack spacing in the Dae-Gu direction is slightly wider than that of the Gwang-Ju direction. Almost all of the crack spacings lay within the range of 1.0 m~3.0 m. A crack width of <0.3 mm was measured at the pavement surface. However, as revealed by the field survey, the crack spacing was not correlated with the crack width. CONCLUSIONS : In CRCP constructed by using the mechanical tube-feeding method, almost all of the longitudinal reinforcing bars lay within the tolerance limit (2.5 cm) of the target elevation. The concrete-placing temperature affects the crack spacing, owing to variations in the zero-stress temperature. Crack survey results show that there is no correlation between the crack spacing and crack width in CRCP.

In this study, refer to cases of domestic flower exporters, important factors for flower export logistics were categorized and analyzed and efficient logistics processes were suggested. According to export profitability and product quality, important factors were categorized as quarantine, costs, lead time. By applying important factors, commonly using route- SHIMONOSEKI, reverse distribution prevented route-HAKATA, Excellent market access routes-OSAKA were analyzed and efficient logistics processes were suggested.

This treatise is a study on the effectiveness of logistics tasks through the Warehouse Management System. Using manufacturer 'D' company's logistics operation as an example, we compared before and after cases, in which WMS was used. Upon using WMS, we observed the processes and researched how much the logistics company’s performance was affected by the process changes influencing profits.

The economy is advancing at quite a bit is the role of the Distribution Center, a rise is evolving and mullyuryang Any existing storage facilities were not creating added value from contact with the customer service centers play the role. In order to increase its market competitiveness also pl approach to three in order to enforce cost savings and run. But by industry, the goods, operating characteristics of the cooperating in order to differentiate themselves with the operating process of improvement of operating system, including costs and took lots of time of service.Quality is lower ; all were missing. Such logistics centers, standard management model to address a little bit problem with highest academic. I want to try send it to, each product-category's industrial and business forms, standardisation is really a difficult situation, current study is further progress all you if you areThe process managed to turn component is sure that we will be able to be judged.

In Korea's distribution and production field establishment of logistics information system and automation of logistics were greatly developed. But there is no characteristic and professionalism about hospital logistics, and distribution center is located in outside warehouse, logistics system is very important. Since hospital has human power to receive product, system is not as much required, but outside warehouse requires system for arrival from medicine and medical supplies wholesale dealer and vender, warehousing, storage, and automation facilities, and system for various works such as peaking instruction, classification, packing, cargo-working, delivery, order of medicine from hospital and non-medicine in hospital is essential. Therefore, This study is about development of automatic identification of slide which cannot be overlooked in efficiency of hospital logistics, establishment of database, and information interlocking between automatic storage system and outside warehouse.

The present study was carried out to assess the dietary exposure and the risk for arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) through mushrooms intake. Various samples (n = 536) covering 17 kinds of mushrooms were collected from retail outlets and markets in Korea. The contents of As were 0.003 (King oyster) ~ 1.952 (Matsutake) mg/kg in raw mushrooms and 0.015 (Fuscoporia obliqua) ~ 16.95 (Matsutake) mg/kg in dry mushrooms, respectively. The contents of Hg were 0.001 (King oyster) ~ 0.030 (Matsutake) mg/kg in raw mushrooms and 0.004 (Oyster) ~ 0.588 (Matsutake) mg/kg in dry mushrooms, respectively. The mean dietary exposures of As was 0.151 μg/day, taking 0.005% of provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The mean dietary exposures of Hg was 0.022 μg/day, corresponding to 0.071% of PTWI. Therefore, the level of overall dietary exposure to As and Hg for Korean population through mushroom was far below the levels recommended by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additivies, indicating little possibility of concern.

This research is trying to figure out the factors that make effects on the body movement and batting speed of the 6 middle school baseball players and the 6 common students using the equipment of the video analysis and ground reaction force. By doing so,

곤충의 노래 소리는 구조적으로 프레이즈(pharase)와 처프(chirp), 임펄스(impulse)로 구분한다. 왕귀뚜라미의 노래 소리(Teleogryllus emma (Ohmachi et Matsuura))는 프레이즈 당 처프의 횟수로 노래 소리를 유인노래, 구애노래, 경쟁노래 3가지로 구분할 수 있다. 왕귀뚜라미의 소리의 처프 횟수를 자동 계수하기위해 웨이블릿 변환(Wavelet transformation)을 시도하였다. 웨이블릿 변환은 퓨리에 변환(Fourier transformation)과 유사하나 삼각함수 대신 적절한 기저함수(Basis function)를 이용하고 이들의 집합으로 신호를 분해하여 정보를 추출하는 수리적 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 방울벌레의 소리를 Morlet 함수를 기저함수로 사용하여 신호를 분석하였다. 마이크로 녹음된 왕귀뚜라미의 소리를 웨이블릿 변환의 입력 자료로 활용하여 변환을 하였다. 변환된 신호 중 왕귀뚜라미의 처프 주기와 가장 유사하고 변화폭이 뚜렷한 고주파 영역대의 신호를 선택하였다. 선택된 신호는 적절한 과정(smoothing, interpolation)을 거쳐 처프 횟수를 자동계수하게 된다. 40회의 울음소리를 랜덤하게 선택하여 실제 처프 횟수와 계수 횟수를 비교하였다. 두 횟수의 유사성을 나타내는 R2 값이 0.97로 나타나 자동 계수 값이 실제 처프 횟수를 대변할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

This study is pertaining to the connection of pultruded FRP members. When we design the structure using pultruded FRP members, it is very important to connect one member to other member under the condition that could maintain the required strength for structural safety. However, there are not any codes related with the connection of pultruded FRP members. Therefore, it is ambiguous how to connect each member. The pull-out tests are conducted of two different specimens and test results are analyzed for offering basic data used for making codes related with connection.

This study was conducted to estimate the contents of heavy metals including lead, cadmium,arsenic and total mercury in alcoholic beverages in Korea. Concentration of Hg was analyzed by gold amalgamation method, using mercury analyzer, while concentration of Pb, Cd and As was analyzed by ICP-MS. Concentration (μg/kg) of heavy metal in fermented liquors were ; for Pb 9.9 ± 8.4(0~38.0), Cd 5.8 ± 4.9(0~5.4), As 28.6 ± 19.4(1~96.4),Hg 0.7 ± 1.2(0~10.6). Concentration (μg/kg) of distilled liquors were : for Pb 4.4 ± 5.7(0~29.3), Cd 2.0 ± 2.5(0~10.3),As 12.0 ± 17.0(0~95.6), Hg 0.2 ± 0.3(0~2.3). Concentration(μg/kg) of other liquors were ; for Pb 7.5 ± 5.1(0~13.7),Cd 5.8 ± 3.9(0.6~11.2), As 25.2 ± 39.0(0.5~103.3), Hg 0.3 ± 0.1(0.1~0.5). The present study showed that difference of the amount of constituent in a same category of food are not affect to the content of heavy metals among them. The residual levels of takju, yakju, sake, beer, fruit wine, soju, whiskey, brandy, general distilled liquor, liquor, other liquors are within the maximum levels, prescribed by Korea food code. It is given that heavy metal exposure of Pb,Cd, As, Hg from consumption of alcoholic beverages (takju, yakju, sake, beer, fruit wine, soju, whiskey, brandy, general distilled liquor, liquor, other liquors) are less than 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.01%, 0.01% (mean) in provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) respectively, indicated by FAO/WHO.