Diffuse involvement of the right pulmonary artery (PA) associated with fistula between the PA and coronary artery is report-ed in a woman with Takayasu’s arteritis. Both the subclavian arteries were totally occluded and drained by the meanderinged artery arising from both common carotid arteries. Lung perfusion scan revealed perfusion defect of right lung. Two fistulas were identified. A large fistula was between the right PA and left circumflex artery. A small fistula was between the right PA and left anterior descending artery. This is a rare case of Takayasu’s arteritis presenting with a coronary – pulmonary artery fistula that is secondary to a diffuse unilateral involvement of PA.

The Maillard reaction is a complex reaction that occurs between carbonyl and amine groups during food pro-cessing and storage. In addition, it produces a large number of Maillard reaction products (MRPs), which have an importantrole in determining food characteristics including aroma, color, flavor, and texture. Importantly, recent studies have beenconducted that the Maillard reaction products and their ferments with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) induced specific biologicalcharacteristics including antimicrobial, antioxidative, and antihypertensive activities as well as improved their physiologicalfeatures such as the heat stability and emulsifying properties. Therefore, we described on new insights for enhanced physi-ologic and biologic functions of MRPs through LAB fermentation.

PurposeBenford'sLawisasimpleandeffectiveauditor–toolthatdetectsfraud.Thispaper’spurposeistoaudittheeffi-ciencyofBenford'slaw,whichusesasetofstrangeob-servations,certainnumbersrepeatedoverothernumbersinthedataset. Researchdesign,data,andmethodologyBenford'slawwas–appliedinnumericalanalysis.Wecansaythatinadditiontore-ducingthedurationoftheaudit,thecapacitiesoftheauditweremorerobust. vefraudandexpandtheuseofanalyticalproceduresinplanningtheaudit.Additionally,theuseoftheanalysesaspartofthecomputer'sinternalcontrolshelpedtofurtherimprovetheeffectivenessofinternalcontrolsandreinforcethem. ConclusionsBenfordanalysisshouldbecarriedoutasap–-propriate.Insubsequentstudies,itcanalsobeexaminedasatooltorevealdoubtfulaccounts.Numericalanalysisofthedataandacomputerarenecessary.Programsfordataanalysisinvariousapplicationssuchasauditing(SAS)and(ACL)and(CaseWare)and(IDEA)areavailable.

In the present work we investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi on prolifera-tion and apoptosis of cancer cells. The cell-free supernatant concentrate of Lactobacillus brevis OPK-3 significantly retar-ded the proliferation of human acute promyelocytic (HL60), human histiocytic (U937), and mouse lymphocytic (L1210)leukemia cell lines in vitro at concentrations over 2.25-9.0 mg/mL. The treatments of the concentrate leaded to the increasedapoptosis and decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential in cultured U937 leukemia cell lines. In addition, the treat-ments of the concentrate showed the increased expression of p53 gene in cultured U937 and HL60 leukemia cell lines. Onthe other hand, the cell-free supernatant concentrate of control L. brevis strain (KCCM 41028) showed a relatively littleeffect on the cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial transmembrane potential at the similar concentrationranges compared with the L. brevis OPK-3 samples. These results suggest that the consumption of L. brevis OPK-3 could bebeneficial for the inhibitory action on leukemia cell proliferation and for the stimulatory action on the cancer cell apoptosis.

We present a by-product of our long term photometric monitoring of cataclysmic variables. 2MASS J18024395 +4003309 = VSX J180243.9 +400331 was discovered in the field of the intermediate polar V1323 Her observed using the Korean 1-m telescope located at Mt. Lemmon, USA. An analysis of the two-color VR CCD observations of this variable covers all the phase intervals for the first time. The light curves show this object can be classified as an Algol-type variable with tidally distorted components, and an asymmetry of the maxima (the O’Connell effect). The periodogram analysis confirms the cycle numbering of Andronov et al. (2012) and for the initial approximation, the ephemeris is used as follows: Min I. BJD = 2456074.4904+0.3348837E . For phenomenological modeling, we used the trigonometric polynomial approximation of statistically optimal degree, and a recent method “NAV” (“New Algol Variable”) using local specific shapes for the eclipse. Methodological aspects and estimates of the physical parameters based on analysis of phenomenological parameters are presented. As results of our phenomenological model, we obtained for the inclination i=90°, M1=0.745M◉, M2=0.854M◉, M=M1+M2=1.599M◉, the orbital separation a=1.65·109m=2.37R◉ and relative radii r1=R1/a=0.314 and r2=R2/a=0.360. These estimates may be used as preliminary starting values for further modeling using extended physical models based on the Wilson & Devinney (1971) code and it's extensions

Purpose Rhei Rhizoma (RR) is one of the herbal medicines traditionally used to treat diverse inflammatory diseases. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Rhei Rhizoma on experimental reflux esophagitis (RE) in rats. Methods The antioxidant activity of RR in vitro was measured in terms of radical scavenging capacity such as DPPH and ABTS. RE was produced by ligating both the pylorus and the transitional junction between the forestomach and the corpus. Rhei Rhizoma (125 and 250 mg/kg) were administered every day for 7 days, and its effect was estimated on comparison with RE control and normal rats. Results RR scavenged DPPH and ABTS effectively and IC50ofDPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of RR were 4.8 μg/ml and 15.75 μg/ml. The administration of RR decreased the elevated serum ROS in RE control rats. The RE control rats exhibited the down-regulation of antioxidant-related proteins such as Nrf2 and HO-1expression levels in the esophagitis; however, the level in the RR-treated RE rats was significantly higher than that in the RE control rats. Moreover, RE control rats exhibited the up-regulation of the protein expression related to oxidative stress at the esophagitis, but RR administration significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory proteins through the MAPK-independent signaling pathways. The expression of inflammatory mediators and cytokines by NF-κB activation was modulated through blocking the degradation of IκBα. In addition, the oral administration of RR regulated the gastric mucosal damage in RE rats. Conclusion The administration of Rhei Rhizoma effectively ameliorates the inflammatory damage of esophageal mucosa through radical scavenging activity and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

A rapid chemical dewatering of the in-situ hydraulically dredged coastal sediment suspensions treated with cationic cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium-bromide (CTAB) was investigated. The dewatering process consisted of coating or adsorption of the surfactant on the surface of sediment to change its hydrophobicity and hexane spraying to enhance moisture removal from the sediment surface. The dredged wet sediment sample was wet-sieved with the #450 sieve (32 μm) and synthetic sea-water made of bay salt (3.5%). The sieved sediment was settled and then freeze-dried. Considering the field process, the freeze-dried sediment was pre-treated by adding 5 M H2O2 and 0.5% Tween 80 to remove organics in the sediment and then adding 0.5% alum and 0.001% PAC for flocculation. The mean water content of the pre-treated sediment was 55.8~59.1%. The CTAB dosage was in the range of 0.001 to 1.0 g per 10 g of the pre-treated sediment (0.01 to 0.10 (wt/wt) of CTAB/sediment ratio). After addition, the sediment and CTAB mixture was mixed thoroughly by using a vortex followed by freeze-dried. For hydrophobicity test, 0.5 g of the freeze-dried samples were taken into the two-layer solutions mixed with hexane (20 mL) and deionized water (20 mL). The higher amount of the samples were migrated into the hexane layer as the CTAB dosage increased to 0.1 g (Fig. 1), indicating that the surface charge of the sediment was neutralized by electrostatic attraction of negative charged sediment particles with cationic CTAB. The additional dosage of CTAB to 1.0 g per 10 g sediment led to transfer some of the sediment back into the water layer (Fig. 1). The optimum dosage of CTAB was 0.1 to 0.2 g per 10 g sediment. The sediments with the optimum dosage were transferred onto the filter paper and treated with spraying 0.25 to 1.0 mL of hexane per 1 g sediment, resulting in the significant decrease in the water content to 21% at 1.0 mL hexane/g sediment.

Pollutants generated by the biodegradation of livestock carcasses have the potential for contamination of the environment. Hence, livestock mortalities burial has been banned in the EU. In spite of the hazard, research on the biodegradation of livestock carcasses is lacking. In this study, five lysimeters were used to evaluate the enhanced biodegradation of organic materials in livestock mortalities burial. Lysimeter 1(control), lysimeter 2(grinding of livestock carcass), lysimeter 3(anaerobic microorganisms), lysimeter 4(Corynebacterium glutamicum in anaerobic condition) and lysimeter 5(Corynebacterium glutamicum in aerobic condition) were operated with temperature control. The degradation efficiencies of livestock carcass in the lysimeters were evaluated based on total organic carbon balance. The degradation efficiencies of ground livestock carcass were 1.9 times more than those of livestock carcass without grinding. In anaerobic condition, anaerobic microorganisms were more effective compared with Corynebacterium glutamicum on the biodegradation of livestock carcasses. However, the degradation efficiencies with Corynebacterium glutamicum in aerobic condition were significantly influenced on the biodegradation of livestock carcasses. Even if it would be helpful to degrade the livestock carcass in aerobic condition in terms of stabilization, potential risks on the environment by odor and bioaerosol must be solved.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of the microbial fuel cell for the combined treatment of food waste water and landfill leachate. Contents of the study was to develop a carbon-containing electrode material radially to maximize microbial attachment. Also to evaluate the electric energy production efficiency by combining the electrode surface coating technology. By using a microbial fuel cell organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiency is evaluated for the food waste water and landfill leachate. BET to evaluate the surface characteristics of the developing electrode (Brunauer Emmett Teller) To evaluate the coating adhesion through measurement and to evaluate the adhesion characteristics micro-organism Weighing. Excellent electrical conductivity in the development electrode platinum, cobalt, by coating a catalyst such as palladium and to evaluate the electric energy generation efficiency. Lab. scale reactor capacity is a 5 L, and to configure the cross-section and the oxidizing electrode as cathode sequentially added.

Livestock Wastewater shall cause a high concentration of organic matter and nutrients such as rivers because of the lake and groundwater contamination, such as the accumulation of nutrients in the soil contained in the manure, livestock wastewater containing large amounts of organic matter that will flow to the river or appeal If eutrophication, and comfortable living environment to cause harm, such as odor and pest damage and can. Organic waste and organic waste, such as the world has a direct interest in acquiring the available resources and the development of clean energy from waste is a growing desire, is expected to contribute to the environment from waste materials industry growth by developing innovative technologies such as direct electrical energy production. In the case of livestock waste water and high concentration of organic material in addition to containing ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen for nitrification is created due to the electron acceptor is used as the fuel cell according to this has been reported to decrease the efficiency of electricity production. Therefore, to derive the electricity production efficiency due to organic concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration in order to apply a microbial fuel cell (MFC) livestock wastewater treatment process in this study, and to derive the energy production potential with livestock waste water through the study. Lab. scale Reactor fabrication and operation to try to derive the reaction factor of the optimum operating conditions in accordance with the livestock wastewater applied through the evaluation of trends and removal efficiency of organic matter and nutrients in the microbial fuel cell. In addition, from the final research results, I try to present the direction of future research for the improvement of application possibilities and microbial fuel cell power generation efficiency of microbial fuel cell in the livestock wastewater treatment facilities.

Dewatering for reduction of moisture content in sludge cake is one of the main procedure in sludge treatment processing. Through dehydration process, the volume of sludge cake are substantially decreased. It led efficiency improvement of further processing such as transport and disposal of sludge as well as drying cake could be utilized as solid refuse fuel. Microwave dryer is energy efficient process in comparison with thermal types. For these reason, we developed microwave dryer for real field applications. Firstly, with 4kW scale microwave dryer, operation conditions were optimized in terms of generator power, shape of drying champer, and height of microwave generator. Based on the results, 10kW scale microwave dryer was designed and manufactured successfully.

This study aimed to completely remove adhered mortar from recycled aggregate (RA) using microwave irradiation (700 W) and mixed solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The optimum condition was first to soak RA in tap water for 30 min and then RA was soaked in mixed solution of 30% HCl and 15% H2O2 (HCl : H2O2 = 1 : 2) for 70-90 min after 15-min microwave irradiation. Therefore, the mortar of RA in the condition was completely removed within 2.3 hrs. Reaction rate (k) with the condition was –0.6408 hr-1, which was about 190 times faster than that with HCl only (k = -0.0032 hr-1).