Kyung-Hee Kim. 2003. Lexical Contact between Spanish and Catalan. Studies in Modern Grammar 31, 173-187. The primary purpose of this paper is to show how Spanish and Catalan exchange their lexical influences. Through the history, Spanish has always dominated Catalan. We intend to take lexical evidences to prove the their historial relation and to predict their future. Recently Catalan is supported by political and economical powers, but what we observe in linguistic aspects is that the natural trend is destined for the simplification of Catalan lexical system, adopting it to that of Spanish. We also show the bilingual speakers` attitude in selecting lexical forms.

본 연구에서는 상수원수 내 조류 이취미(taste and odor)에 대응하기 위한 수단으로 도입되고 있는 격벽식 분말활성탄(PAC) 접촉조의 효과적인 설계를 위해 전산유체역학 프로그램인 FLOW-3D를 도입하였다. 일차적으로 FLOW-3D의 성능을 검증하기 위하여 용량 288 리터의 PCA 접촉조를 대상으로 수행된 추적자실헐 결과와 FLOW-3D의 모의결과를 비교하였다. 또한, 이미 설계된 P정수장 PAC 접촉조에 적용하여 흐름특성을 예측하였다. 다양

Recently, bathes have been suspected to an important source of indoor exposure to volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate chloroform exposure and corresponding body burden by exposure routes while bathing. Another experiment was conducted to examine the chloroform dose during dermal exposure and the chloroform decay in breath after dermal exposure. The chloroform dose was determined based on exhaled breath analysis. The exhaled breath concentration measured after normal baths (2.8 ㎍/㎥) was approximately 13 times higher that measured prior to normal bathes (0.2 ㎍/㎥). Based on the means of the normalized post exposure chloroform breath concentration, the dermal exposure was estimated to contribute to 74% of total chloroform body burden while bathing. The internal dose from bathing (inhalation plus dermal) was comparable to the dose estimated from daily water ingestion. The risk associated with a weekly, 30-min bath was estimated to be 1 x 10^-5, while the risk from daily ingestion of tap water was to be 0.5 × 10^-5 for 0.15 1 and 6.5 × 10^-5 for 2.0 1. Chloroform breath concentration increased gradually during the 60 minute dermal exposure. The breath decay after the dermal exposure showed two-phase mechanism, with early rapid decay and the second slow decay. The mathematical model was developed to describe the relationship between water and air chloroform concentrations, with R^2 = 0.4 and p<0.02.