The Small and Medium Enterprise is currently getting more attention from the Indonesian government as the contribution of this sector to the regional and national income has increased. Though the government is providing a lot of attention as well as facilities to the small businesses in the manufacturing sector, they face intense competition. Thus, the small enterprises need to ensure that they achieve good business performance. This research aims to investigate the role of entrepreneurial intensity and innovation in improving the performance of small businesses in Indonesia. For this purpose, one hundred and eighty-six small business owners participated in the survey. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. The hypothesis results show that entrepreneurial intensity and innovation have a proven role in business performance of small enterprises. Entrepreneurial intensity in particular, significantly impacts innovation and exploration. And innovation is crucial for business performance. The results imply that to increase business performance, the owner and the manager also need to raise their entrepreneurial spirit, as it can enhance their willingness to explore and use their business experience to do more innovation activities. The more innovation is done by the company; the business performance is more likely to improve.

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of human capital supply chain on the firm performance mediated by innovation culture and innovation process on small- and medium-sized construction enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. A survey has been distributed to all construction SMEs that have direct involvement in construction work (contractors and subcontractors). The construction SMEs including medium- and small-scale construction services in three Provinces, namely, the special region of Yogyakarta, East Java, and Central Java. Through purposive sampling technique, primary data is collected by giving a questionnaire to the owner/manager of construction SMEs. The target sample in this study was 200 respondents who have been operating for a minimum of two years. 154 valid questionnaires could be processed. Data analysis uses structural equation modeling with AMOS 24. The results of the study conclude that there is a positive effect on human capital supply chain on firm performance mediated by innovation culture and innovation process, while innovation culture does not affect firm performance. In sum, the innovation culture mediates the relationship between human capital supply chain and firm performance, and the innovation process mediates the relationship between human capital supply chain and firm performance.

The paper proposes a conceptual model which provides direction for researchers to empirically establish the connections between dynamic capabilities, innovation capabilities, entrepreneurial capabilities and financial and strategic performance. The author uses systematic literature review process to select the articles used in this study. First, the present paper review and discuss some major contributions to the theories of dynamic capabilities, innovation capabilities, entrepreneurial capabilities and their consequences. The author seeks to highlight different understandings of the concepts to clarify the distinctions between them. Second, the conceptual model and propositions for future studies were developed. The proposed model highlights the different measures of dynamic capabilities, innovation capabilities, entrepreneurial capabilities and their consequences. The model with its associated propositions was developed base on limitations and gaps observed from past studies. It is focused on empirically testing the direct impact of dynamic capabilities, innovation capabilities, and entrepreneurial capabilities on the performance of SMEs in Vietnam. Nevertheless, the proposed model can be applied to similar situations in different contexts and countries. Further empirical testing of proposed model would contribute to enriching existing knowledge of dynamic capabilities, innovation capabilities and entrepreneurial capabilities within SMEs and how these capabilities foster superior performance.

본 연구는 패널회귀모형을 이용해서 해외직접투자를 중심으로 한 강소성의 지역기술혁신능력 결정요 인을 실증분석을 하였다. 분석결과 단기간에 강소성의 기술혁신능력의 향상이 국내 연구개발투자규모, 현지의 경제수준과 금융시장규모 등 내적인 요인에 의존하고 해외직접투자는 모국의 혁신능력에 대해 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 장기적으로 OFDI변수가 기술혁신능력과 정(+)의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 실증분석 결과를 토대로 향후 강소성의 기술혁신능력 향상과 해외직접투자 활성화 방안도 제안하였다.

The study seeks to investigate the relationship between knowledge sharing and innovation in garment and textile enterprises. While previous research has found many factors influencing knowledge sharing, little research has been done about the influence of knowledge sharing on innovation in enterprises in developing countries like Vietnam. In particular, the textile industry plays an important role in export, but outsourcing is accounting for a high proportion of trade; it is necessary to increase innovation in order to increase the competitive advantage by internal capacity. The data is collected from a survey of 245 employees at 20 textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam to study the knowledge sharing influence on innovation. The methodology includes pilot study and quantitative method. The pilot study tests the questionnaire on the respondents. The quantitative method applies SEM analysis to measure the knowledge sharing influence on innovation. The results identify eight factors that positively impact knowledge sharing: rewarding, teamwork, management support, joy of knowledge sharing, communication, trust, commitment, and information technology. This study also shows that knowledge sharing affects innovation. The main findings are discussed for textile and garment enterprises to apply innovative capacity in the context of increasing global integration.

The study investigates the factors influencing the innovation activities in the enterprises in the Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam. By employing the dataset from a survey in 200 typical enterprises in Binh Dinh and using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and regression analysis, we found that there are eight factor groups affecting the innovation activities of enterprises. They include management of innovation promotion; market research capacity; leadership inspiring innovation; culture of innovation; human resources for implementing innovation; network connection; disseminating/sharing knowledge; and impact of producing/serving technology. All these factors strongly affect the innovation activities, which plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development of the Vietnamese enterprises, with the statistical significance level at 1%. Moreover, findings also show that, among these factors, the market research capacity is the strongest determinant of the innovation activity in the enterprise. An increase of 1 point of capacity of market research will increase the innovation activities in the enterprise by 0.114 point. It is followed by the management of promoting innovation, leadership inspiring innovation, and disseminating and sharing knowledge, with 0.104, 0.103 and 0.102 score, respectively. On the other hand, network connection is the weakest factor, with the score of 0.07 point.

This study examines the relation between the quality of leader-member relationship and operational performance of processing enterprises employees in Vietnam, while job satisfaction and innovation are as a mediator variable. In depth interviews are first conducted with five managers and professional workers in five processing enterprises to determine the latent variables and build the structured questionnaire with observed variables. A quantitative survey with 438 employees and managers from 300 processing enterprises was carried out. The method of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach’s alpha analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the reliability, the convergent nature, and the consistency of the concepts. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to test the proposed model. The result shows that job satisfaction, innovation and operational performance have positive effects on the quality of leader-member relationship. The relationship between leaders and members had indirect impact on employee’s operational performance via their job satisfaction and innovation, which illustrates a mediator role of job satisfaction and innovation for employees’ performance. The findings of this study suggest that managers need to focus on developing relationship with employees to improve their satisfaction, innovation and performance.

The study aims to develop concepts originating through empirical research models to build superior competitiveness and optimal performance achievement. Therefore, to bridge these goals, the study addresses several indicators/items as a novelty, namely, entrepreneurship insight factors, market orientation, knowledge-sharing, innovation, managerial capability, product strategy, process and service improvement, resources capability to improve performance and increase competitiveness by empirical model direct, mediating and indirect effect. The total sample in this study is 497 eligible SMEs that partner with go-food in Makassar City. All research samples are the owner or the person in charge of the business; the data collection period is from May to December 2019. Data are collecting using a survey with 64 construct questions, summarized in seven manifest variables. The research method uses quantitative tools, with SMART-PLS as a statistical tool. This study develops sixteen hypotheses; all of the hypotheses are supported both directly, indirectly, and mediated. The study also found that the link based on CCT, RBV, and TAM Theory is the right choice of theories, as the foundation of this study was very reliable and valid. Indeed, all of the grounded methods have implications both in theory and its main application for the business in the online marketplace.

This study wants to test the nexus among resource orientation, market orientation, social network, and knowledge sharing toward organizational innovation, and the nexus between organizational innovation and MSMEs performance. Questionnaires and interviews are conducted with some MSMEs actors in Central Java Province, Indonesia, in Klaten Regency and Pekalongan City. These two areas have creative MSMEs, especially Batik MSMEs that have been very large and known worldwide. The sampling technique is done purposively with certain criteria for the respondents. The data analysis technique is done using Partial Least Square. This study provides recommendations about strategic practice and policy (resource and market), social network, and knowledge sharing in increasing organizational innovation, and the impact of organizational innovation toward MSMEs performance. It also offers a comprehensive model of the determinant factor of organizational innovation by considering the aspect of strategic orientation, social network, and knowledge sharing. Other unique aspects that are also important to consider are social network and the importance of knowledge sharing in improving MSMEs Performance. The respondents are still limited in two areas, namely, Pekalongan and Klaten, so it still cannot represent the whole population. These areas also have different orientation of production process approach, namely, synthetic and natural dyes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is, in the situation where rapid response to the rapidly changing environment is required due to the development of the fourth industrial revolution such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and the internet of things, robotics, big data, additive manufacturing, bio-health, sharing economy and in the organizational culture aspiring toward the innovation of a major company, small business and a public institution, to analyze what influence a job-engagement and stress make, and what influence individual‟s self-efficacy as a moderator mediator makes, and to offer basic data for improving job-engagement and lowering job-stress. Research design, data, and methodology: For doing this, the literature and the empirical studies were combined. Deriving innovationoriented organizational culture as factors affecting the job engagement and job stress through the literature, and have established hypotheses to verify them. We have collected data of 281 from ex,ecutives and staff-members working in areas including major company, small business and officials (the central government, a local public service, the prosecution, the police, and school). And these data were analyzed by SPSS 23 version. Results: Based on these data, the results of analysis were as follows; First, the innovationoriented organizational culture which was recognized by organizational members had effect on job-stress. Second, the innovationoriented organizational culture which was recognized by organizational members influenced job-stress. Third, in the relationship between the innovation-oriented organizational culture and job-engagement, self-efficacy did not influenced job-engagement. Finally, in the relationship between the innovation-oriented organizational culture and job-stress, self-efficacy influenced job-stress. Conclusions: Innovation-oriented organizational culture places importance on the organization's adaptability and flexibility in the external environment, so companies need to establish an innovation-oriented organizational culture favorable to achieving survival and successful innovation, and to develop and disseminate programs of positive and continuous organizations to improve task enthusiasm, reduce task stress, and enhance organizational performance. In the future, it will be necessary to verify the effectiveness of various organizational culture types through comparative analysis with companies that actively maintain an innovation-oriented organizational culture (Google, Kakao, etc.) and companies that prefer hierarchy-oriented organizational culture, relationship-oriented organizational culture, and market-oriented organizational culture.

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the causal relationship between bribery and firm innovation. To this end, we use a micro-dataset of small and medium firms in Vietnam surveyed in 2015. Given the binary nature of the dependent variable, a simple probit regression model is employed. However, as bribery variable is potentially endogenous, a simple probit regression may give biased estimates. We deal with the potential endogeneity by making use of the bivariate probit model. A property of the bivariate probit model is that it can produce efficient estimates of a typical probit model with endogenous binary explanatory variable. A Hausman-like likelihood ratio test is implemented following the estimation to test the existence of endogeneity. We find that bribery significantly undermines firm innovation. Also, firms run by household appear less innovative. The probability of innovation diminishes significantly if firm owners or managers have previous experience in firm products. As expected, larger firms seem to be more innovative. Exporters tend to be more innovative compared to non-exporters. Our findings provide support to the hypothesis that bribery is detrimental to firm innovation and, thus, innovation may be a mediating channel, through which, bribery impedes firm long-term performance.

This study examines and analyzes the effect of innovation on the price to book value mediated by managerial ownership in Indonesian companies. In order to achieve the goals and objectives, the company increases its value by increasing shareholders. Improving the welfare of shareholders can be done through investment and financial policies, and is reflected in share prices in the capital market. The higher the share price, the better the owner’s welfare, and the company’s value will also increase. The population of this study is the manufacturing companies – as many as 162 – listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2017. By using a purposive sampling method, 25 companies met the criteria for the sample. The data comes from the companies’ annual report taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The data is further analyzed using partial least square (PLS). The results of the study showed that innovation has a significant effect on price to book value. The companies with high marketing innovation produce high company performance as well. The companies get a commensurate reward from marketing innovation activities to carry out continuous marketing innovations. In addition, managerial ownership does not mediate the relationship between innovation and price to book value

With the continuous development of scientific algorithms for computer graphics, the new generation of procedural texture technology greatly accelerates the CG visual art creation and gradually replaces the bitmap texture workflow. The technology has not only realized the further integration of computer graphics technology and art creation, but also put forward new requirements for texture artist's knowledge structure. Meanwhile, the new workflow reduces the requirements for traditional painting skills and focuses more on logical thinking and basic programming skills. In the future, texture artists have to pay attention not only to the aesthetic and accomplishment of art, but also to the logical application of scientific algorithms.

The study aims to investigate the determinant factors in the organisation of a firm’s innovative activities, and the impact of innovation capability on firm’s performance of electronic firms in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. How is the performance of electronic companies after delivering an innovation project? How will innovation capability affect firm’s performance in electronic companies? This study aims to seek the answer of these questions. We employ a Structural Equation Model and the PLS technique in order to validate the theoretical model proposed in this study. With observation of 374 valid firms, based on Cronbach’s Alpha analysis, EFA analysis, CFA analysis and SEM analysis, this study discovers 5 groups of factors including: (i) Institution factors; (ii) Attitude of leadership factors; (iii) Marketing factors; (iv) Technological resources factors; (v) Combination factors, which have direct impact on innovation capability of firms. There are 4 groups of factors that have positive impacts on financial performance of electronic firms, with descending order of importance as follows: (1) Attitude of leadership factors; (2) Quality of human resources factors; (3) Innovation capability; (4) Marketing activities factors. Research results are important implications for Government administrative agencies for business to consult and introduce effective support policies.

The paper proposes a knowledge innovation performance model by the dynamic data envelopment analysis with slacks-based measure approach for evaluating the effectiveness of 30 regional knowledge innovation activities in China from 2010 to 2016. In recent years, China has paid more attention to knowledge innovation activities, as central and local governments have pushed on with their innovation projects by lots of investment whatever the difficulties may be. Decision-maker is usually interested in judge its knowledge innovation performance relative to target benchmark by exploring whether one provincial administration region performs better among others and/or if the growth of economy will be benefited greatly by the knowledge innovation activities. To acquire the managerial insight about this issue from a comprehensively designed performance evaluation model, knowledge innovation activity is conceptualized as an intertemporal production process. Invention patent and regional gross product are imposed on desirable outputs, highlighting the need for knowledge economy. The empirical result shows that knowledge innovation has a positive effect on economic development. At the same time, decision-maker should be interest in the economic effect of patents’ type and quality. The government should then encourage new technical applications with greater commercial value from a market-oriented perspective, in order to benefit the most from the innovation process in the short-run.

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of chatbots’ innovation attributes on the innovation acceptance for consumers who have used chatbots to purchase fashion products that account for a large share of transactions in mobile shopping. Research design, data, and methodology – Data were collected from Korean consumers aged 20 to 49 who had experience using chatbots when purchasing fashion-related products via mobile circumstances. After a pilot survey of 31 customers, pre-questionnaire was revised for the final test, and the final questionnaire was distributed to 1,500 subjects. Out of these, 244 were retrieved. After excluding 48 inappropriate responses, 196 were used for statistical analysis. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, regression analysis and independent t-test using SPSS 23.0 were employed for data analyses. Results - First, four factors of chatbots’ attributes were extracted: relative advantages and compatibility, complexity, sensibility, and diversity. Second, two factors were extracted for fashion leadership: fashion opinion leadership and fashion innovativeness. Two groups based on the fashion leadership were identified: active innovation adopters and passive innovation adopters. Third, relative advantages and compatibility, diversity, sensibility of innovation attributes were found to have effects on the innovation acceptance in order. Fourth, significant differences were found in sensibility of innovation attributes and innovation acceptance in groups by marital status and age. The married in their 30s and 40s perceived sensibility as a more important attribute of chatbots than the unmarried in their twenties. Among the groups of different income levels, meaningful differences were found in diversity of innovation attributes and innovation acceptance. Fifth, there were significant differences found in relative advantages and compatibility, sensibility of innovation attributes, and acceptance of Innovation among the groups by fashion leadership. Active innovation adopters were found to be more aware of the importance of relative advantages and compatibility, and sensibility of innovation attributes, and innovation acceptance. Conclusions – The present study provides chatbots’ marketing strategies for fashion items need to be modified by demographic characteristics and fashion leadership. Particularly, fashion leadership was found to be an important factor in determining the perception of innovation attribute as well as innovation acceptance.

기술의 고도화와 짧은 제품 수명(Product Life Cycle)으로 인해 혁신적인 신제품 개발은 기업 내부의 자원만으로는 한계에 부딪히는 현실을 직면하고 있다. 이에 외부의 지식을 기업 내부로 유입하거나 내부의 자원을 외부로 유출, 공유하는 오픈 이노베이션 전략은 전 세계적으로 모든 분야에 걸쳐 확산되고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구는 폐쇄형 구조를 가진 리빙 세라믹 분야의 외부 디자이너와의 콜라보레이션 사례를 오픈 이노베이션 관점에서 분석하고 이를 통해 기업 혁신에 미치는 영향 및 상관관계를 파악하여 세라믹 제조기업의 혁신 방향성을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 방법으로는 오픈 이노베이션의 이론적 고찰을 통해 개념과 유형을 정립하고 질적 연구 방법을 채택하여 외부 지식의 유입 형태 중 하나인 외부 디자이너 콜라보레이션 방식으로 출시된 리빙 세라믹 제품 사례를 분석하였다. 첫째, 외부 디자이너와의 콜라보레이션을 통해 R&D 강화로 기존 제품의 형태, 색상, 패턴의 탈피를 가져올 수 있으며 새로운 소비층 확보가 가능하다. 둘째, 새로운 아이디어와 제품 컨셉을 통해 신규 사업을 창출할 수 있으며 이는 곧 이윤 창출로 이어진다. 셋째, 외부 디자이너와의 콜라보레이션은 기업의 네임 벨류를 상승시키고 동시에 중요한 기업 이미지 마케팅 요소로 활용될 수 있다. 넷째, 일부 사례에서는 외부 디자이너 개인의 인지도가 기업 혁신의 기여도와는 크게 비례하지 않음을 알 수 있다. 향후 다수의 기업이 채택하고 있는 인바운드 (In-Bound) 형 프로세스 이외에도 아웃 바운드 (Out-Bound) 와 커플 바운드 (Coupled-Bound) 형 오픈 이노베이션의 적극적인 활용을 통해 리빙 세라믹 제조 기업의 상생과 지속 가능성을 기대해 본다.

본 연구에서는 해외의 3D프린팅 기술을 활용한 혁신성 소구방법의 광고캠페인 사례를 고찰함으로써 고도화된 사회에서 혁신적 마케팅 커뮤니케이션에 대한 필요성 인식과 향후 3D프린팅과 같은 혁신기술과 광고마케팅 분야의 통섭적 사고에 대한 방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. 해외의 글로벌 기업 브랜드는 혁신기술을 받아들이고, 이를 통해 광고마케팅 분야와 결부 시켜 광고캠페인을 진행하며 소비자와 새로운 방식의 커뮤니케이션을 시도하고 있으나 우리나라에서는 관련 연구가 이루 어지거나 실질적으로 광고캠페인이 진행된 사례는 극히 드문 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행연구를 바탕으로 혁신성 의 속성을 ‘자기표현(assertiveness)’, ‘감성(sensibility)’, ‘타인과의 공유(sharing with others)’와 로저스(Rogers,2003)의 ‘시용가능성(trialability)’, ‘가시성(observability)’의 5가지로 정의하고, 수용자 경험 속성으로 ‘이용성(usability)’, ‘접근성 (accessibility)’, ‘복합성(complexity)’, ‘창조성(creativity)’을 도출하여 선행연구 및 로저스의 혁신성 이론을 토대로 설계한 분석모델을 통하여 해외 혁신성 소구방법의 광고캠페인 사례를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 일반적인 소구방법보다는 광고캠페인을 통한 자기표현의 경험 가치와 정서적 가치, 관계 형성과 시용가능성이 갖춰진 환경에서 새로움과 즐거움, 재미의 소구가 가능한 혁신성 소구방법이 진화한 소비자를 충족시킬 만한 요인으로 작용할 수 있으며, 혁신성의 속성이 높을 때 전반적으로 사용자 경험 속성도 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 혁신성 소구방법의 광고캠페인은 대체적으로 혁신기술을 활용한 제작 과정 전반에 수용자의 체험이 가능하기 때문인 것으로 분석되었으며, 혁신성의 다섯 가지 속성과 수용자 경험의 네 가지 요소를 포괄적으로 활용하여 수용자들의 총체적 경험이 가능한 광고캠페인 프로세스를 구축한다면 혁신성 소구방법의 광고캠페인을 통한 수용자와의 커뮤니케이션을 보다 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 혁신성 소구방법의 광고캠페인 사례의 혁신성 속성 등 수용자의 경험에 영향을 미치는 무형의 요인을 연구함으로써 혁신적 마케팅 커뮤니케이션의 필요성에 대한 인식을 제고하고, 광고캠페인의 혁신성 소구방법과 수용자 경험의 관계를 이해하여 이와 관련된 연구의 기초가 되는 탐험적 연구로써 향후 새로운 광고 전략 수립의 단서를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The paper aims to evaluate the combination of strategies that influence the success of New Technology Based Firms (NTBFs) located in isolated areas with resource constraints. We utilize the Kauffman Firm Survey to construct a subset of 224 firms operating in primary metal manufacturing industries and who are located in non-thriving areas. We focus on the impact of technological strategy, in the form of Inward Technology Licensing (ITL), combined with financial strategy, in the form of increased financial slack. Using a negative binomial-specification technique to model these relations, we find that ITL positively impacts internal innovation in the firm and this relation is strengthened by the presence of greater financial slack. This positive impact of financial slack supports the behavioral theory of the firm rather than agency theory in that financial slack enables further innovation rather than stifling it. This research confirms the importance of resource acquisition, suggesting that entrepreneurs may utilize external sources of knowledge in an effort to build a favorable situation when facing the challenges of location. Finally, by presenting evidence showing the compatibility of a financial strategy with a knowledge strategy (ITL), this study emphasizes the importance to entrepreneurs of choosing the proper combination of varying strategies.

The paper aims to investigate relationships between technology and innovation management, total factor productivity and economic growth in China. By comparing the trends in total factor productivity growth of industrialized economies (i.e. OECD), this study intends to showcase the importance of total factor productivity progress in the Chinese economy. The study employs time series data of an annual basis for the period from 1977 to 2016 retrieved from the World Development Indicator. The study employs unit root test, cointegration test, fully modified least squares estimation method, canonical cointegrating regression and dynamic least squares estimation method to test the hypotheses. The results of the cointegrating regression analysis show that manufacturing growth leads to an increase of total factor productivity in the short-run in China. The findings of the study suggest that manufacturing (i.e. technology and product innovation) is positively related to the increase of total factor productivity in the short-run and total output growth in the long-run. The findings suggest that promoting technology and innovation management and supporting R&D subsidies may reduce the marginal cost of conducting R&D and increase the rate of technology and innovation management and R&D activity and therefore, the total factor productivity growth rate.