Protein related parameters of pan bread and white salted noodles prepared from 26 Korean wheat cultivars and 6 commercial and imported wheat flours were evaluated to elucidate the relationship between rheological properties and end-use characteristics and to determine the effects of Glu-1 and Glu-3 alleles on those characteristics in Korean wheat cultivars. SDS-sedimentation volume based on protein weight was positively correlated with mixograph parameters and maximum height of dough and also positively correlated with bread loaf volume, crumb firmness and springiness of cooked noodles. Within Glu-1 loci, 1 or 2* subunit and 5 + 10 subunits showed longer mixingtime, higher maximum height of dough, and larger loaf volume than null allele, 2.2 + 12, and 2 + 12 subunits. Cultivars with 13 + 16 subunits at Glu-B1 locus showed higher protein content and optimum water absorption of mixograph than cultivars with 7 + 8 subunits. At Glu-3 loci, Glu-A3d showed longer mixing time than Glu-A3e, and Glu-B3d and Glu-B3h had stronger mixing properties than Glu-B3i. Glu-B3h had higher loaf volume and hardness of cooked noodles than Glu-B3d. Glu-D3a had lower protein content than Glu-D3c, and Glu-D3b showed stronger mixing properties than Glu-D3a. Glu-D3c showed lower hardness of cooked noodles than others.

Allelic variations in glutenin and puroindolines of Korean wheat cultivars evaluated to determine the effects of allelic variations on physico-chemical properties of flour and qualities of white salted noodles. In grain hardness and flour yield, Pinb-D1b had higher hardness index and flour yield than Pinb-D1a alleles. Glu-B1b and Glu-D1f also had lower hardness index than other alleles at the same locus and Glu-A1c, Glu-A3e and Glu-B3i alleles showed lower flour yield than other alleles. In flour compositions, Pina-D1b and Pinb-D1b showed higher particle size, ash and damaged starch content and lower lightness of wheat flour than Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1a. Glu-A1c, Glu-B1b, Glu-D1f, Glu-B3d and Glu-B3i showed lower particle size of flour than other alleles at Glu-1 and Glu-B3 locus. Korean wheats with Glu-B1f, Glu-D1a and Glu-B3b alleles had higher damaged starch content and lower lightness of flour than wheats other alleles at the same locus. Glu-B1b, Glu-D1f, Glu-B3d and Pina-D1a showed lower protein content and Glu-A1c, Glu-B1b, Glu-D1f Glu-B3d, Glu-B3i and Pinb-D1b showed lower SDS-sedimentation volume than other alleles. Hardness of cooked noodles ranked as Glu-A1a > Glu-A1c > Glu-A1c at Glu-A1 locus. Glu-B3h showed higher hardness of cooked noodles (5.10 N) than other alleles at Glu-B3 locus (< 4.66 N).

Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is one of important forage crop grass widely cultivated in Korea. The genetic manipulation of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) necessitates a reliable and efficient, genotype-independent method of transformation. We are interested in developing molecular breeding methods to improve its nutritional quality and abiotic stress resistance. Development of a rapid and efficient transformation system is the basis for genetic manipulation of Italian ryegrass. In order to establish an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system was applied to transfer genes into seven genotypes of Italian ryegress, namely cv. 'Kogreen', 'Kopeed', 'Kowinearly', 'Kowinmaster', 'Hwasan 101', 'Hwasan104' and 'Kowinner.' The transformation system developed in this study would be useful for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Italian ryegrass plants with genes of agronomic importance.

Silage corn can make good livestock feed. Anytime drought occurs during the growing season, corn grain yields will be affected. The extent of the loss will depend on stage of grow and the length of time the crop is subject to droughty conditions. During times of extended drought when grain yield potential is sever limited or nonexistent, the plants may still offer a valuable source of nutrients for livestock provided careful attention is given to how it is harvested and fed. As a rule, drought-damaged corn will have 85 to 95 percent of the feeding value of normal corn silage. Ideally, corn silage would be 60 to 70 percent moisture at harvest. Dry conditions around the state cause many corn producers to wonder about making silage from drought-damaged corn. Although silage made from drought-damaged corn is usually not as good as that made from unstress corn, drought -damaged corn can make good livestock feed. This experiment was carried out to know adaptability and forage production and quality of corn hybrid for silage at paddy field of Chonnam Province. As a result of experiment, production of silage corn reduced more than 60% compared to that of normal condition.

Italian Ryegrass, also called annual ryegrass, is a high productivity and feed value, and an upright grass that behaves like a biennial or short-lived perennial. It grows vigorously in winter and early spring. Italian ryegrass and a related species, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, are the two common weedy ryegrassses. Italian ryegrass and perennial ryegrass can hybridize, resulting in offspring that are difficult to identify as either species. Ryegrasses are cultivated for turf and forage. Sometimes Italian ryegrass is grown as cover crop. It has the potential to produce high yields and, with proper management, can be high quality with good animal performance. To develop of a high quality, productivity and early variety, 11 varieties were in the seven different irradiation conditions (0Gy, 100Gy, 200Gy, 300Gy, 400Gy, 500Gy, 1,000Gy) and examined growth and germination characters of each plant as like plant height, number of tillers. As a increase of irradiation, germination rate of 11 Italian ryegrass varieties are somewhat reduced.