Early life stage mortality in fish is one of the problems faced by loach aquaculture. However, our understanding of immune system in early life stage fish is still incomplete, and the information available is restricted to a few fish species. In the present work, we investigated the expression of immune-related transcripts in loach during early development. In fishes, recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1) and sacsin (SACS) have been considered as immunological function. In this study, the expression of the both genes was assessed throughout the early developmental stages of loach using real-time PCR method. maRAG-1 mRNA was first detected in 0 dph, observed the increased mostly until 40 dph. Significant expression of maRAG-1 was detected in 0 to 40 dph. These patterns of expression may suggest that the loach start to develop its function after hatching. On the other hand, maSACS was detected in unfertilized oocyte to molura stages and 0 to 40 dph. maSACS mRNA transcripts were detected in unfertilized oocytes, suggesting that they are maternally transferred.

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE), the most serious gastrointestinal complication, has been reported as a clinical syndrome that occurs in the setting of disease- or chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Complications of NE include bowel necrosis with perforation, fistula, stenosis, massive bleeding, abscess formation, and pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). Most physicians recommend initial conservative management with bowel rest, intravenous fluids, total parenteral nutrition, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and normalization of neutrophil counts. Surgical intervention is recommended in the event of obstruction, perforation, persistent gastrointestinal bleeding despite correction of thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy, or clinical deterioration. We experienced a patient whose abdominal computed tomography scan showed pneumoretroperitoneum, intramural gas in the colon, and inferior vena caval gas. Her condition improved after treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and broad-spectrum antibiotics. We report on this case along with a review of the literature.

A population ofrecombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Ilpumbyeo, a blast-susceptibleyopowca cultivarofhigh eating-quality and high yield potential, and GL33, a blast-resistance/apowca weedy rice was used to identifv QTLs affect-ing importan

Genetic diversity of Korean landrace rice accessions was assessed with microsatellite markers. The 214 alleles weregedfrom 3 for SSS locus to 37 for RM206 locus with an average number of 12.6 alleles per locus. Gene diversity values according tothe 17 mic

This experiment evaluates wintering ability to maintain green color of lawn grasses during winter and investigates the effects of top dressing of fertilizer on improving green color during regrowth. Kentucky blue-grass could maintain green color and leaf chlorophyll content better than tall fescue and creeping bentgrass in winter. All three grasses in this experiment have shown the excellent wintering ability. In enhancing the recovery of green color at the early stage of regrowth, the mulching effect with rice straw was highly significant for creeping bentgrass. Green color recovery in grasses during its regrowth was better at the top dressing plots than at the plots without top dressing, but when fertilizer application levels were increased, green color in lawn grass did not significantly change. Although green color in tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and Korean lawngrass could be maintained during summer, the green color of creeping bentgrass is reduced significantly with high temperature. Top dressing after winter and mowing improved leaf chlorophyll content and green color in tail fescue and Kentucky bluegrass significantly. However, Korean lawngrass did not respond significantly with increased levels of fertilizer.

콩에서 돌연변이를 효율적으로 유기시킬 수 있는 적정 EMS농도를 결정하기 위하여, 황금콩, 장엽콩, 검정콩 001에 30, 50, 70mM EMS세 수준으로 처리 한 다음 M1 종자의 포장발아율과 M2 세대의 돌연변이체 출현빈도율을 조사하였으며 다량 뿌리혹형성 변이체 선발을 위하여 신팔달콩002 종자 약 18,000립에 30mM EMS를 처리하여 M2 세대에서 선발하고, 선발된 변이체의 뿌리혹 형성능력을 미국 초다뿌리혹형성 nts계통과 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. M1 종자의 포장출현율은 검정콩 001가 황금콩과 장엽콩보다 높은 경향이었으며, 세 품종 모두 EMS처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 포장출현율이 낮았다. 2. M2 세대에서 돌연변이개체는 엽록소 결핍개체가 가장 많이 출현하였는데, 그외에도 생장점괴사, 엽이상, 엽수변이체, 단경 등 다양한 변이양상을 보였다. 3. 30mM EMS처리가 포장발아율도 높고, 돌연변이개체 출현율도 50, 70mM에 비하여 양호한 편으로 판단되었다. 4. 신팔달콩 002로부터 30mM EMS처리에 의하여 M2 세대에서 뿌리혹 형성 nts계통보다도 많은 뿌리혹이 형성되었으며, 뿌리혹형성도 일찍 시작되었다.