Open clusters are useful tools to investigate the structure and evolution of the Galactic disk. We have started a long-term project to obtain UBVI CCD photometry of open clusters which were little studied before, using the Doyak 1.8 m telescope of Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory in Korea. The primary goals of this project are (1) to make a catalog of UBVI photometry of open clusters, (2) to make an atlas of open clusters, and (3) to survey and monitor variable stars in open clusters. Here we describe this project and report the first results based on preliminary analysis of the data on four open clusters in the survey sample: Be 14, Cr 74, Biu 9, and NGC 2355. Isochrone fitting of the color-magnitude diagrams of the clusters shows that all of them are intermediate age to old (0.3-1.6 Gyrs) open clusters with moderate metallicity.

실내에서 담배거세미나방의 영기별 약제감수성을 조사한 결과 시험된 약제 모두 유충의 영기가 높아질수록 약제감수성은 낮았다. Chlorpyrifors-methyl과 chlorpyrifos의 독성은 3령부터, etofenprox+PAP와 deltamethrin은 2령부터 현저히 떨어졌다. 포트시험결과 deltamethrin을 제외한 4약제 모두 90% 이상의 방제가를 보여 담배거세미나방의 방제에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 하지만 야외에서 담배거세미나방은 전 영기가 혼재되어 있고 영기별 약제감수성이 다르기 때문에 적절한 약제선택은 물론 유충 발생초기에 약제를 살포하는 것이 중요하다.

우리나라산 주머니나방과의 1미기록종, 유리주머니나방(Acanthopsyche nigraplaga Wileman)을 보고하며 수컷 생식기 도해와 함께 외부형태를 간약하게 기술하였다. 도한 천일홍, 명석딸리 차조기, 새모래덩굴, 흰명아주 5종의 기주식물도 처음으로 확인하였다.

Effects of cloud rotation 011 the profiles of CO J= 1 → 0 lines arc investigated by theoretically general ing line profiles under physical conditions similar to t he ones in large globules. The synthesized profiles are presented and their characteristics are discussed. It is found that when the Doppler shift of the observed CO lines is interpreted as the rotation velocity, the optically thin 13 C O lines underestimate the rotation velocity by up to 10 percents, while the self-reversed optically thick 12 C O lines overestimate the velocity up to 20 percents. The optically thin line is shown to be of use in probing the distribution of rotation velocity in dark globules.

Theoretical profiles of selected rotational lines of C 2 CH, CN, TiO and MgH are computed by using the current models of sunspot unbrae and penumbrae. It is found that the lines of the diatomic carbides are enhanced in penumbrae relative to umbrae, while MgH lines are more strongly enhanced in umbrae than in penumbrae and the quiet photosphere. The results are discussed with respect to selecting lines suitable for studying the structure of sunspots.

Surface density distributions for globular clusters were obtained from photoelectric surface photometry (using centered aperture photometry). These surface brightness profiles were then compared with the theoretical surface density distribution of King's model. From the comparison of the theoretical and observed surface density distributions, we determine he structural parameters of the clusters (the core radius r c , the tidal cut off r t , and the concentration factor C).

The Stockholm Convention was adopted in Sweden in 2001 to protect human health and the environment, including Persistent Organic Pollutants Rotors, such as toxic and bioaccumulative. Currently, there are 28 kinds of materials. This prohibits and limits the production, use, and manufacture of the product. Korea is a party to the Convention and it is necessary to prepare management and treatment plan to cope with POPs trends. In the text, we have discussed HCBD materials. HCBD belongs to halogenated aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons. It is a toxic, organic mixture of bioaccumulation. A study on the treatment of waste containing HCBD substance, We decided to treat the waste containing HCBD thermally. So six samples were selected. Waste water treatment sludge, rubber plate, insecticide, tarpaulin, tire rubber, mixed sample. The tire rubber injected HCBD as a technical sample. HCBD analysis showed that 59.345 ~ 18,238.355 ug/kg was detected. For the thermal treatment, we analyzed element. As a result of thermogravimetric analysis, the weight change due to the decomposition of the material started at 200℃. The material decomposition was completed within 800℃. The thermal treatment was performed on a Lab-scale (1kg/hr). After exhaust gas analysis result, HCBD was detected at 0.01 to 0.09 ug/kg. The decomposition rate is estimated to be 99.848 ~ 99.999%. As a result of dioxin analysis in the exhaust gas, the highest concentration was found in the tarpaulins and the emission limit was exceeded. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in the residues were very low. Considering the decomposition rate of HCBD containing wastes, incineration treatment at 2 ton/hr or more is considered to be possible. And unintentional persistent organic pollutants such as dioxins in the exhaust gas. Therefore, it is considered safe to operate the incineration temperature at more than 1100℃.

To achieve energy efficiency improvement is used to lower temperature for emission gas at catalyst inlet, or to reduce/stop using steam to reheat emission gas. Saved energy from this process can be used as power source in order to increase generation efficiency. Dry emission gas treatment, on the other hand, is the technology to increase generation efficiency by using highly efficient desalination materials including highly-responsive slaked lime and sodium type chemicals in order to comply with air pollution standards and reduce used steam volume for reheating emission gas. If dry emission gas is available, reheating is possible only with the temperature of 45℃ in order to expect generation efficiency by reducing steam volume for reheating. Retention energy of emission gas from combustion is calculated by emission gas multiplied by specific heat and temperature. In order to obtain more heat recovery from combustion emission gas, it is necessary to reduce not only exothermic loss from boiler facilities but emission calorie of emission gas coming out of boiler facilities. In order to reduce emission calorie of emission gas, it is efficient to realize temperature lowering for the emission gas temperature from the exit of heat recovery facility and reduce emission gas volume. When applying low temperature catalysts, the energy saving features from 0.03% to 2.52% (average 1.28%). When increasing the excess air ratio to 2.0, generation efficiency decreases by 0.41%. When the inlet temperature of the catalyst bed was changed from 210℃ to 180℃, greenhouse gas reduction results were 47.4, 94.8, 118.5, 142.2 thousand tons-CO2/y, CH4 was calculated to be 550.0, 1100.1, 1375.1, 1650.1 kg-CH4/y, and N2O was 275.0, 550.0, 687.6, 825.1 kg-N2O/y. In the case of high efficiency dry flue gas treatment, reduction of greenhouse gases by the change of temperature 120~160℃ and exhaust gas 5,000 ~ 6,500 ㎥/ton is possible with a minimum of 355,461 ton/y of CO2 and minimum 4,125 tons of CH4/y to a maximum of 6,325 ton/y and N2O to a minimum of 2,045 kg/y to a maximum of 3,135 kg/y.

Soluble-NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins play a role in vesicle fusion, exocytosis, and intracellular trafficking in neuronal cells as well as in fertilization and embryogenesis. We investigated the expression patterns of two SNARE proteins, SNAP-25 and synaptotagmin VII (SytVII), and their regulation by pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) during mouse ovarian follicular development. Ovaries were obtained at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h post-PMSG injection of immature mice. SNAP-25 and SytVII mRNA expression levels increased gradually in a time-dependant manner. However, protein levels revealed different patterns of expression, suggesting different translational regulation following PMSG stimulation. SNAP-25 and SytVII expression was closely associated with thickening of the granulosa cell (GC) layer and follicle morphological changes from a flattened to a cuboidal shape. To explore follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)-mediated regulation of their expression, GCs from preantral follicles were cultured to examine the effects of FSHR siRNA knockdown. FSHR siRNA abolished upregulation of the SNAREs in both PMSG and FSH-stimulated GCs. This abolished gene expression was rescued by adding dibutyryl cyclic AMP to the cultures. These results suggest that SNAP-25 and SytVII expression is regulated via the FSHR-cAMP pathway during follicular development.

Construction of the Asian Network for Sustainable Organic Farming Technology (ANSOFT) will be cooperatively administered by the public researchers in 12 Asian member countries from 2010 to 2012. ANSOFT will bring forward multiple reports, which will be constantly renewed by the member countries, regarding environmental issues, plant and landscape protection techniques, regulations and policies of each country’s government on an organic ag끼culture， and natural resources such as organic seeds and biological agents.

Mainly due to deficiencies in nuclear reprogramming, gene expression and DNA fragmentation, which result in early and late embryonic losses, the overall success rate achieved by cloning techniques to date is low. This present study compared the incidences of DNA fragmentation during development of IVF, parthenotes (PT), nuclear transfer (NT) and transgenic (TG) embryos. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) nick-end labelling (TUNEL) with propidium iodide counter staining was used for determination of DNA fragmentation and total number, respectively. TG and NT donor cells were fetal fibroblasts with or without transfection with EGFP, and cultured in DMEM+15% FCS until confluent, for 5 days. At 19 h post-maturation (hpm), enucleated oocytes were reconstructed with donor cells and activated at 24 hpm with the combinations of ionomycin (5 M, 5 min) and cyclo-heximide (10 g/ml, 5 h) after electric fusion by a single DC pulse (1.6 KV/cm, 60 sec). Parthenotes were produced by the same activation protocol at 24 hpm. (중략)