An Intergenerational Horticultural Program in a rural community in Korea was tried out to enhance social interaction between elderly citizens and children, to promote the positive self-esteem of the elderly in a rural community, to change the attitude of children towards the elderly, and to create a rural community full of vitality. The clients were 20 elderly (60-80 years old) and 40 preschool children (6-7 years old). The activities in this program included seed of hope, round autumn garden, dish garden, in the vegetable patch, flower decoration for the Chuseok Festival, rainbow flower basket, heart card, fragrance of love, and a kimchi party. The results were a decrease in depression among the elderly from 44.0% to 33.7%. General satisfaction among the elderly was 100%. The desire to rejoin among the elderly was 100%. General satisfaction among the children was 100%. The desire to rejoin among the children was 93.5%.

This study was performed to analyze the improvement of soil physical property and soil biota characteristics through cultivation of green manure crops for a one-year period before creation of a tea plantation as follows. The study revealed that the contents of available phosphate tended to decrease after sod-culture by green manure cultivation and open-pollination, when compared to the level before cultivation. The ratio soil porosity increased by approximately 30% when Crotalaria juncea and Sorghum bicolar L. Moench were cultivated, while the soil bacteria and fungi also increased. In a research on microfauna using a pit fall trap, the population number of the microfauna was 174 of 27 species in the plot of open-pollinated sod-culture and no organic matter application, and 268 of 26 species in the plot of Sorghum bicolar L. Moench. Consequently, the culturing tool of Crotalaria juncea recorded the highest level of species diversity at 2.5, the evenness index at 3.7 and richness at 4.6, with the lowest level of a dominance index. The ecological quotient of microfauna was 0.76 in the plot of Sorghum bicolar L. Moench, and 0.63 in the plot of Crotalaria juncea.

Offspring have been produced from somatic cells in a number of species. This biotechnology introduced a new phenomenon in reprogramming and differentiation of somatic cell, namely totipotency. However, birth of oversized calves and perinatal abnormalities such as increased gestation length, lack of spontaneous parturition, higher incidence of dystocia, and reduced perinatal viability of offspring are frequently observed in pregnancies of cloned bovine fetuses. Disturbance of feto-placenta has been proposed as likely causes for abnomal growth. However. Little is known the mechanism responsible for the perinatal problems. Therefore, we focused on gestation length in somatic cell nuclear recipient cows. To solve this issues, placental tissues of control and cloned bovine were obtained by a cesarean section (C-section) before 5 days of paturition. Total RNA from control and cloned bovine placenta was extractd by TRIzol reagent. GeneFishing DEG kits (Seegene) were used to identify differentially expression genes. Total RNA (3 ug) were synthesized by M-MLV reverse transcriptase (200 u/ul) with 10 uM dT-annealing control primer (ACP1) at 42C for 90 min. Then, first-strand cDNA (50 ng) was amplified using the 5 uM arbitary ACP (1-20) and 10 uM dT-ACP2 primers. Some specific expression genes were amplified, Now, we are cloning and sequencing. These finding strongly can be support to solve the problems for parturition delay in nuclear transfer cows, suggest that placenta specific proteins are key indicators for the aberration of gestation and placental function in cows.

벼의 약배양효율을 증진시키는데 관여하는 요인들의 중요성을 검토하기 위하여 13개의 품종, 4개조합의 F1 , 7개조합의 F2 를 공시하여 이들의 약을 R2 배지에서 배양하였다. 유전자형간 약배양능력의 차이와 함께 약에 대한 저온처리, 배지의 당함량, 배지에 대한 생장조절제 첨가 등의 단독효과 및 유전자형과의 복합효과가 검토될 수 있도록 실험이 수행되었다. 1. 동일한 환경에서 재배된 벼품종 및 교배조합별 F1 들의 약배양능력간에는 큰 차이가 인정되었으며 포장에서 재배된 F2 들도 교배조합간에 평균 약배양능력이 크게 달랐다. 2. 동일한 교배조합의 F2 개체들 간에도 Callus분화율이 큰 변이를 보이고 있어 약배양능력이 유전변이를 보이는 형질임이 확인되었다. 3. 약을 배지에 치상하기 전 8℃ 에 5-10일간 온도처리하는 것은 Callus 분화율을 향상시키는데 효과적이었는데 그 효과는 약배양능력이 높은 품종에서 더 컸다. 4. R2 배지의 당함량은 3-4%인 것이 Callus분화에 좋았으며 3-5%사이에서는 유전자형과의 복합효과가 인정되지 않았다. 5. R2 배지에서는 NAA만을 첨가하는 것이 Callus 분화율을 높이는데 효과적이었으며 약배양능력이 높은 유전자형을 이용했을 때 그 효과가 훨씬 더 컸다. 6. 약배양능력이 높은 유전자형을 선발, 이용하는 것이 약배양에 관여하는 요인들의 효율도 높일 수 있어 그 중요성이 가장 크다고 할 수 있다.