This paper examines the pounding problem between adjacent decks subjected to strong earthquakes. The elastomeric bearings in an isolated bridge reduce the stresses on the superstructure and cushion the impact by transferring smaller seismic forces to the substructure. On the other hand, these bearings also allow large horizontal displacement of the superstructure due to seismic forces. Bridges having various supporting soil conditions and different frequency ratios between adjacent decks are investigated by numerical analysis. In the analysis, decision making is conducted whether the collision took place or not and, the magnitude of pounding force and the duration time of collision are obtained and the results are discussed.

녹지의 규모와 녹지내외의 기온저감효과와의 관련성을 명확히 밝히는 것을 목적으로 규모가 서로 다른 4개의 녹지를 대상으로 기온분포를 관측하였다. 그 데이터를 근거로 녹지내외의 기온분포, 녹지주변의 기온저감효과와 그 영향범위, 녹지내의 기온저감효과와 그 강도 및 토지피복비율과 기온, 그리고 녹지의 규모와 기온저감효과와의 관련성을 회귀분석 등에 의해 해석하였다. 그 결과, 토지피복현황의 차이가 기온변화에 영향을 미치고 있는 것을 알았다. 풍상과 풍하쪽의 기온

백운산의 삼림식생과 토양환경을 파악하기 위하여 식물사회학적 조사방법에 의하여 삼림식생을 분류하고, 각 군락의 구조적 특성을 밝혔으며, 토양환경을 조사하였다. 삼림식생은 신갈나무군락(전형 하위군락, 철쭉꽃하위군락), 굴참나무군락, 물푸레나무군락, 소나무군락 등 4개의 자연군락과 일본잎갈나무식재림, 잣나무식재림 등 2개의 식재림으로 분류되었다. 식생의 계층구조는 매우 발달한 편으로 신갈 나무군락은 백운산의 거의 전역에 걸쳐 표고 500m이상부터 분포하고,

The purpose of this study is to investigate the vegetation structure and ecological restoration of disturbed forest due to artificial plant. To this end, 12 plots were set up and surveyed. The result analyzed considering mean importance percentage(M.I.P) showed that the types were divided into three groups which are artificial planted forest type(three plots), natural forest-artificial planted forest type(four plots), natural forest type(five plots). Dominant proportion of artificial planted species were as follows: artificial planted forest type was over 60%, natural forest-artificial planted forest types were 14～49%. The range of Shannon's index of all associations was from 0.7131 to 0.7771(natural forest-artificial planted forest 〉natural forest 〉artificial planted forest). Also we suggested restoration method of vegetation for ecological value as follow: Control of density considering step and Remove of Pinus koraiensis seedlings of understory layer and shurb layer.

The present study investigated the causes and intensity of the urban heat island phenomenon by the seasons according to the pattern of land use in Chungju City. Highest temperature and lowest moisture areas of the urban were very similar to the distribution of commercial districts, on the other hand, lowest temperature and highest moisture areas were distributed in manufacturing districts, green zones and the Hoam Lake. If appear at intensity of the distance from the outer circumference of commercial districts, wind direction and the rise of temperature, we could observe the remarkable expansion of high temperature from commercial districts toward residential districts around of downwind in all seasons. In case the effect of the wind was not significant as well, high temperature in commercial districts appeared tendency that a little spread to 1, 2 residential districts around. But checked up the intimate relations between the amount of moving heat and wind, when out of consideration that size of area was not much compared than residential areas of downwind affected by the wind. These phenomenon was relatively obvious in summer, the other side, in spring and autumn appeared a similar tendency.