Todarodes pacificus is an important marine resource commercialized in South Korea, Japan, and China. The objective of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of different mathematical models (diffusive model, Newton's model, Henderson-pabis's model, Page's model, and Weibull's model) in precisely explaining the moisture gain/loss and salt gain of the squid slices immersed in saline solutions. Brine concentrations of immersion used were 2.5, 5, 10, and 15% (w/w) for various durations (0-360 min). The effective diffusion coefficients of salt ranged from 0.549×10−9 to 0.841×10−9 m2/s, while the moisture values ranged from -0.077×10−9 to 0.374×10−9 m2/s. The experimental results of moisture and salt transfer fitted well into the Henderson-Pabis and Page models, respectively. The results presented in this study support the potential to predict the mass transfer of squid using mathematical modeling.

The impregnation of solid foods into the surrounding hypotonic or hypertonic solution was explored as a method to infuse NaCl in pork loin cube without altering its matrix. Mass transfer kinetics using a diffusive model as the mathematical model for moisture gain/loss and salt gain and the resulting textural properties were studied for the surrounding solutions of NaCl 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15% (w/w). It was possible to access the effects of brine concentration on the direction of the resulting water flow, quantify water and salt transfer, and confirm tenderization effect by salt infusion. For brine concentrations up to 10% it was verified that meat samples gained water, while for processes with 15% concentration, pork loin cubes lost water. The effective diffusion coefficients of salt ranged from 2.43×10-9 to 3.53×10-9 m2/s, while for the values of water ranged from 1.22×10-9 to 1.88×10-9 m2/s. The diffusive model was able to represent well salt gain rates using a single parameter, i.e. an effective diffusion coefficient of salt through the meat. However, it was not possible to find a characteristic effective diffusion coefficient for water transfer. Within the range of experimental conditions studied, salt-impregnated samples by 5% (w/w) brine were shown with minimum hardness, chewiness and shear force.

The regular safety inspection of vehicles in service has been tested up to now not by a plate type (dynamic) inspection system but by a roller type (static) inspection system in our country (in Korea). Therefore, the roller type inspection can not reflect the inertia force that there is a load transfer from the rear axle to the front axle during braking. In this study, before introducing the plate type inspection system, the effect on braking force characteristics according to entering velocities of vehicles in service are evaluated statistically. As the results, the reliable entering velocity range is about from 7 km/h to 14 km/h. Also, the regular vehicle safety inspection in domestic country need to adopt the plate type (dynamic) braking force inspection system which can reflect the inertia force.

The agitator with a reducer are usually using on the process of a water treatment. However, working the reducer at the field, a lubricant oil can leak out. It causes an environment pollution and a water service/sewerage pollution problem. In this study, the reducer with a drywell structure is developed in order to prevent the oil leakage. The drywell structure is that the reducer bottom housing and the support column of an output shaft are united, and taper roller bearings are in the bottom housing. During the development of the reducer, a mockup and a prototype are made by using CAD and a high speed CNC machine. Then, to prove the performance of the prototype, the performance tests, unload working test and the mechanical torque efficiency test, are conducted by the torque meter device. Also a motor velocity(rpm) control system is developed by a PID control according to the working loads(MLSS data). The results of the test are shown that the maximum torque efficiency is 88.45%, the oil leakage and the abnormal noise do not occur during the work. Therefore the reducer with the drywell structure and the motor rpm PID control system is successfully developed.